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California Code of Regulations Title 8, Section 5157. Permit -Required Confined Spaces, .. Page 1 of 7 Subchapter 7. General Industry Safety Orders Group 16. Control of Hazardous Substances Article 108. Confined Spaces New cLu a §5157. Permit -Required Confined Spaces, Appendix C - Examples of Permit -required Confined Space Programs. Example 1. Workplace. Sewer entry. Potential hazards. The employees could be exposed to the following: Engulfment. Presence of toxic gases. Equal to or more than 10 ppm hydrogen sulfide as measured as an 8 -hour time weighted average. If the presence of other toxic contaminants is suspected, specific monitoring programs will be developed. Presence of explosive flammable gases. Equal to or greater than 10% of the lower flammable limit (LFL). Oxygen Deficiency. A concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere equal to or less than 19.5% by volume. A. ENTRY WITHOUT PERMIT/ATTENDANT Certification. Confined spaces may be entered without the need for a written permit or attendant provided that the space can be maintained in a safe condition for entry by mechanical ventilation alone as provided in Section 5157(c)(5). All spaces shall be considered permit -required confined spaces until the pre -entry procedures demonstrate otherwise. Any employee required or permitted to pre -check or enter an enclosed/confined space shall have successfully completed, as a minimum, the training as required by the following sections of these procedures. A written copy of operating and rescue procedures as required by these procedures shall be at the work site for the duration of the job. The Confined Space Pre -Entry Check List must be completed by the LEAD WORKER before entry into a confined space. This list verifies completion of items listed below. This check list shall be kept at the job site for duration of the job. If circumstances dictate an interruption in the work, the permit space must be re-evaluated and a new check list must be completed. Controls of atmospheric and engulfment hazards. Pumps and Lines. All pumps and lines which may reasonably cause contaminants to flow into the space shall be disconnected, blinded and locked out, or effectively isolated by other means to prevent development of dangerous air contamination or engulfment. Not all laterals to sewers or storm drains require blocking. However, where experience or knowledge of industrial use indicates there is a reasonable potential for contamination of air or engulfment into a occupied sewer, then all affected laterals shall be blocked. If blocking and/or isolation requires entry into the space the provisions for entry into a permit -required confined space must be implemented. Surveillance. The surrounding area shall be surveyed to avoid hazards such as drifting vapors from the tanks, piping, or sewers. http://www.dir.ca.gov/title8/5157c.html 6/4/99