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■.. <br />blood is 70 micrograms/milliliter. The airborne PEL is 0.1 mg/m3, and is determined by air monitoring <br />and analysis by NIOSH Method 7300. Other constituents of gasoline can include but are not limited to <br />benzene, toluene and xylene. Exposure to these compounds can cause nausea, dizziness, visual <br />disturbances, narcosis, and collapse. Chronic effects include central nervous system disorders, <br />respiratory tract irritation, tearing, lassitude, and immunological disorders, <br />The PEL/TLV (permissible exposure limit, threshold limit value), STEL (short term exposure limit) and IDLH <br />(immediately dangerous to life and health) values are listed below: <br />3.3 HEAT STRESS <br />STEL IDHL <br />0.3 mg/m3 <br />PELITLV <br />Lead <br />0.1 mg/m3 <br />Tetraethyllead <br />0.075 mg/m3 <br />Tetramethyllead <br />0.07 mg/m3 <br />Benzene <br />10 ppm <br />Toluene <br />100 ppm <br />Ethylbenzene <br />100 ppm <br />Xylene <br />100 ppm <br />3.3 HEAT STRESS <br />STEL IDHL <br />0.3 mg/m3 <br />40 mg/m3 <br />0.5 mg/m3 <br />40 mg/m3 <br />25 ppm <br />2,000 ppm <br />150 ppm <br />2,000 ppm <br />125 ppm <br />2,000 ppm <br />150 ppm <br />10,000 ppm <br />Adverse climatic conditions (both heat and cold) are important considerations in planning and conducting site <br />operations. Ambient temperature effects can include physical discomfort, reduced efficiency, personal injury <br />and increased accident probability. <br />Heat stress is of particular concern due to the prevailing climactic conditions in California. All appropriate <br />procedures regarding heat stress shall be met. Additionally, one or more of the following control measures can <br />be used to help control heat stress: <br />1. Provisions of adequate liquids to replace lost body fluids. Employees must replace water <br />and salt lost from sweating. Employees must be encouraged to drink more than the <br />amount required to satisfy thirst. Thirst satisfaction is not an accurate indicator of <br />adequate salt and fluid replacement. (It is important to note, however, that ingestion of <br />liquids will not be permitted in the contaminated zone. Workers should go to the break <br />area to obtain the necessary liquids.) <br />2. Establishment of a work regimen that will provide adequate rest periods for cooling down <br />based upon individual site conditions encountered on any given day. This may require <br />additional shifts or workers. <br />3. Cooling devices such as cooling vests can be worn beneath protective garments. <br />4. All breaks are to be taken in a cool, shaded area (77 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal). <br />