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The PEL/TLV (permissible exposure limit, threshold limit value), STEL (short term exposure limit) and IDLH (immediately dangerous to life and health) values are listed below: PEL/TLV STEL IDHL Lead 0.1 mg/m3 Tetraethyllead 0.075 mg/m3 0.3 mg/m3 40 mg/m3 Tetramethyllead 0.07 mg/m3 0.5 mg/m3 40 mg/m3 Benzene 10 ppm 25 ppm 2,000 ppm Toluene 100 ppm 150 ppm 2,000 ppm Ethylbenzene 100 ppm 125 ppm 2,000 ppm Xylene 100 ppm 150 ppm 10,000 ppm 3.3 HEAT STRESS Adverse climatic conditions (both heat and cold) are important considerations in planning and conducting site operations. Ambient temperature effects can include physical discomfort, reduced efficiency, personal injury and increased accident probability. Heat stress is of particular concern due to the prevailing climactic conditions in California. All appropriate procedures regarding heat stress shall be met. Additionally, one or more of the following control measures can be used to help control heat stress: 1. Provisions of adequate liquids to replace lost body fluids. Employees must replace water and salt lost from sweating. Employees must be encouraged to drink more than the amount required to satisfy thirst. Thirst satisfaction is not an accurate indicator of adequate salt and fluid replacement. (It is important to note, however, that ingestion of liquids will not be permitted in the contaminated zone. Workers should go to the break room to obtain the necessary liquids.) 2. Establishment of a work regimen that will provide adequate rest periods for cooling down. This may require additional shifts or workers. 3. Cooling devices such as cooling vests can be worn beneath protective garments. 4. All breaks are to be taken in a cool, shaded area (77 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal). Indications of heat stress include: Sweating Pale moist skin Complaints of dizziness Pain or muscle spasm Personnel monitoring is recommended above 80 degrees Fahrenheit (i.e., heart rate, oral temperature, body weight loss, blood pressure etc.). Use NIOSH guidelines for monitoring intervals.