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2 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1646 1.4.9 Medium Or High Risk Activity 1.4.9.1 medium risk activities are: • barricading and work area isolation. • lock-out/tag-out, • rigging,hoisting and lifting, • driving. 1.4.9.2 high risk activities are: • confined space entry, • hot work, • working at heights, • excavation work. 1.4.10 MOC—Management of Change:The broad concept of MOC is to anticipate and prevent incidents that maybe cre- ated due to changes in all aspects of an operation;from personnel and contractor selection to equipment replacement and repair to site conditions and chemical exposures 1.4.11 permit loads:Any load carried by a vehicle that requires a permit from any regulatory agency. 1.4.12 person in charge:The individual responsible for a specific site or operation. 1.4.13 spotter:A person positioned outside of a vehicle to direct a driver where the driver has no clear view of the area. 2 General Knowledge Minimum Required Knowledge 2.1 HOW TO PERFORM JSA AND APPLY COMMON SAFETY WORK PRACTICES TO SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES Purpose: The Pre-Task Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is a requirement to help identity work hazards and preventive measures before starting any task. Who should use:Individuals,teams doing the same task,and/or groups of workers or teams doing different tasks in the same general area. When to use:Before starting work and reviewed when work conditions change such as changes in weather,job scope,or equip- ment.A different craft beginning work in the area is another case where a review is appropriate. Who participates:All stakeholders whether site employees or contractors. How to perform: Evaluate these two questions for the work to be performed: • What may go wrong? • What is the worst thing that may happen if something does go wrong? Analy_e risks and ways to reduce them: • Use a standardized Job Safety Analysis form. • Identify potential hazards specific to the project such as hazardous materials present,or communication requirements. • Identify potential hazards specific to the site such as vehicular traffic or flammable vapors present. • Identify potential hazards specific to the task to be performed. • Assure that workers performing the work are properly trained to do so. • List ways to eliminate or mitigate the hazard so the task can be done safely. • Review and/or prepare appropriate safety materials for the tasks and hazards. • Communicate the safety plan to the site manager,project supervisor and others as appropriate.