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NNE ) <br /> Calculated vertical hydraulic gradients for the March 2023 monitoring event <br /> are presented in Table 5,as well as a summary of vertical hydraulic gradients <br /> for the same well pairs observed during four previous monitoring events <br /> (March 2021, March 2019,September 2017,and September 2016) for <br /> comparison.The vertical hydraulic gradients between co-located wells in <br /> successive horizons during March 2023 were as follows: <br /> Gradient Direction/Vertical <br /> Hydraulic Gradient(ft) <br /> Monitoring Well Pair March 2023 <br /> MW-9 (Upper) and MW-10 (Middle) down/0.014 <br /> MW-11 (Upper) and MW-12 (Middle) up/0.006 <br /> MW-13 (Upper) and MW-14(Middle) down/0.224 <br /> MW-14 (Middle) and MW-15 (Lower) down/0.032 <br /> Current and historical results summarized in Table 5 show that the strongest <br /> and consistently downward vertical gradients occur in the upper and middle <br /> well pair MW-9 and MW-10, respectively,closest to the Site(Figure 3).This <br /> well pair is closest to the cluster of private supply wells located <br /> approximately 700 to 1,200 feet to the west-northwest(Figure 3). In general, <br /> and with some exceptions,the magnitude of the vertical gradients decrease <br /> by an order of magnitude with increasing distance toward the northeast and <br /> shift from downward to upward as measured in successively distant <br /> monitoring well clusters MW-11/MW-12 and MW-13/MW-14/MW-15 (Table 5). <br /> Downward vertical gradients near the site, likely influenced by industrial and <br /> private supply well pumping, has likely contributed to downward migration <br /> of COCs in the middle and lower hydrostratigraphic zones near the Site <br /> Static or slightly upward vertical gradients toward the northeast may help <br /> retard downward vertical migration of COCs in the downgradient portions of <br /> the plume. <br /> Laboratory Analytical Results <br /> Results of groundwater analyses for samples collected in March 2023 are <br /> summarized in Table 6. Duplicate analytical results are summarized in Table <br /> 7 and further discussed under"Field Quality Assurance/Quality Control." <br /> Historical VOC analytical data are presented in Appendix D (Table D-1 and <br /> Figures D-1 and D-2) and historical inorganic analytical data are presented in <br /> Appendix E (Table E-1 and Figures E-1 to E-4), respectively.Analytical results <br /> for VOCs detected in groundwater are discussed below. <br /> Volatile Organic Compounds <br /> Carbon Tetrachloride <br /> Carbon tetrachloride was detected above the California maximum <br /> contaminant level (MCL) of 0.5 micrograms per liter(Ng/L) in the sample <br /> collected from Middle Horizon well MW-12 at a concentration of 1.6 pg/L in <br /> March 2023.Carbon tetrachloride was detected below the MCL in Middle <br /> Horizon well MW-10 (at 0.11 Jug/L), Upper Horizon well MW-9 (at 0.064 J ug/L) <br /> and the primary and duplicate samples from Lower Horizon well MW-15 (at <br /> 0.42 ug/L).The compound was also detected at trace-level concentrations <br /> https://woodplc.sharepoint.com/teams/olintracy/shared documents/general/03.0 docctrl/2021 biennial report/01_text/tcy 2021 biennial_text_rev.docx <br /> Page 4 <br />