Laserfiche WebLink
I <br /> PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS <br /> Petroleum hydrocarbons are family of petroleum based compounds consisting of <br /> carbon and hydrogen. A wide variety of branched, straight-chain and ringed structures is <br /> possible given the nature of the way carbon bonds to itself and hydrogen. Petroleum <br /> hydrocarbons exist as solids, liquids and gasses. Some common liquid petroleum <br /> hydrocarbons include: gasoline, diesel fuel, fuel oil,jet fuel,and kerosene. These liquids <br /> .m are complex mixtures containing numerous species of hydrocarbon. The toxicity and <br /> environmental behavior of these fuel mixtures, and any additives,depends on the mixture <br /> constituents. Gasoline, for instance, is a mixture containing approximately 150 different <br /> t:t hydrocarbon species, several elements (in small concentrations), and fuel additives such <br /> as: ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, tetramethyl lead, and tetraethyl lead. The <br /> s constituent of most concern in these fuels is benzene, a known human carcinogen, which <br /> may consist of up to 5% of the total volume in gasoline. The main routes of exposure to <br /> petroleum hydrocarbons are inhalation and skin absorption. Another major hazard to <br /> consider in dealing with petroleum hydrocarbon fuels is fire and explosion. If gasoline <br /> vapors reach 1.4 to 7.6% in air, a violent explosion may occur in the presence of an <br /> ignition source. Acute exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons primarily cause Central <br /> Nervous System (CNS) effects such as: headache, dizziness, weakness and loss of <br /> coordination, loss of consciousness and death. Chronic exposure to petroleum <br /> hydrocarbon may cause: skin drying and irritation upon repeated skin exposure, cancer, <br /> peripheral neuropathy, and decreased i=unoiogic response. These health effects are <br /> t - highly dependent upon exposure concentration and duration. Personal protection against <br /> z exposure to petroleum hydrocarbon fuels would include primarily respiratory and dermal <br /> protection. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set limits <br /> - for exposure to many of the constituents of petroleum hydrocarbon fuels. Bclow is a <br /> table which describes the OSHA exposure limits (PEL's) and A:'GIH (TLV's) for some <br /> petroleum hydrocarbon constituents. <br /> CARC./RFP. <br /> COMPOUND ABBREVIATION PEL/1'LV <br /> HAZARD <br /> Gasoline /300 yes/no <br /> Benzene C6H6 1.0/10.0 yes/no <br /> Toluene C6HSCH3 100/100 no/no <br /> Xylene C6H5(CH3)2 100/100 no/no <br /> Tetraethyllead TEL 0.075/0.1 no/no <br /> Tetramethyl lead TML 0.07510.15 no/no <br /> Ethylene dibromide EDB 20/0.045 yes/no <br /> PEL/TL.V expressed as parts per million (ppm)except for TEL and TML which are <br /> expressed as mg/m3 <br /> C-5 <br /> �, 1712.19.R1 316191 <br />