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I <br /> � 1...ti v►��] s r 4 1 rr, x <br /> -= :.s szctsscian. c^+e r,•rdrecaraan - <br /> na`the eauil;.bri= aarcitic;� bulk !tLtd <br /> ;rg Wade i <br /> =ova as <br /> _oudW <br /> aoc be analic;,oie - <br /> 7O 2 - .ransaorc and Trans zc—_;►cion - <br /> _ __cess es <br /> =`Z=Mvcrt and traaszcr-�„at=an �oz' " <br /> 1%11 dea,ina a--', he Poysicocriemical tip.a�viduai fuel of l- cansti�eiars <br /> (and rbioiogLcai) prapertics of Cho <br /> corLstiLziattcs_ SOmd tconscituancs _mill aissolve-more quickly In the <br /> being erealatiag ground vace'rs. be scrmea+ less � scrongiy on the rsoilz thus <br /> ' transpo=tea more rapidly ,and =AV be amore 'or less susceptible ca <br /> degradation by "chemical or b Lologicai ac=ionµ,— Thus. ,as was <br /> Figure 65-1. the relative cancencraciors of ` the+ cshown In <br /> artstituencs of the <br /> fuel Will vary "with Stiia and.' w <br /> distance, from ctie "'size of carncamina ,IOSt <br /> This effec= ;is „xea'll'ed .reacnerin <br /> $- ': (This'r term+T ixr'-^"also' used La <br /> "!describe cite changes co„oil )following �spLlls iLSLO surtace water$ ,Where <br /> fila spreading "arid ,' breakua;p, , 'and t differential voliti'lirac2an <br /> dissolution and `degradaeionk are all ,`z.-tvolved:x)r <br /> Transnart processes save peen snown to tae more signzzicanc than <br /> c.ansrarmatlen processes Ln determining che” Lnicial ; Eace of lower <br /> "olecular weight pecroleursr,hvdrocareans;, released , to sod <br /> il/groun -crater <br /> systems. However due to the- Power %racer '`soiubili'ties and,lower <br /> pressures of the higher 'molecul'ar) _eignc" hydrocarbons environmental <br /> crans=armacion , processes �, n h vapor <br /> zngly-� - <br /> av bei Lncreassignificant for <br /> hveracarbons in' the Ctyon-Cit 9''ringe characcerzscic a of diesel . fuel and Ln <br /> Che,, > Ci4y range ' expected in, residual Fuel` "Gils. "Spain ec' al`. (1846) <br /> demonscrac 1 Ar that compounds` having, up co nine„ carbens ,are aeaCriered <br /> almost exe'iusively Ybv evaQoration- ;+larger compounds' were -eachercd by <br /> evaporation sand biodeg ? <br /> r r <br /> �vr�t y r f kik. � <br /> k m ^Y r w <br /> llRder <br /> cOitditlO�tS.rkOh� H"li..iCed* 4 <br /> a 5 olaciZiaacx`an ov temperatures <br /> " ( I <br /> subsurface reieaseswo'r" concenczace4 <br /> :ncludLng d'Osrnwaspill) ocher transport processes <br /> rQM1q� migracion _nto 'Z"ie soil sorption to soils dna <br /> cansnort ca ground pwater may be .aaorcMnc Several auchars ( 1811 <br /> 2243 225Z,Z329) have - :eper ad that oil substances released ,n <br /> si¢niz_cant quancitves co soLls resulc Ln a separate organic phase <br /> atlich moves downward throurn _tne unsaturated zone cc the less permeable <br /> Laver the soil/ground-vacer boundar-r where chew tend <br /> and spread horirancally co accvrsuiace <br /> The organic Laver E_aati_i on t`:e ground lacer is carried .z rhe <br /> general direcclan of grounc -acer .low At the OU aver interface <br /> some hydrocarbons are Leacttiea according cc cheLr aqueous soLubiLic-r <br /> ALs'�dLscussed in Chapce r 54 ::he pollution caused by the hyd b2.L L on <br /> onase Ls carrt-j less excerZSL\e k .Os 100S o= meeers) than pollution caused <br /> ov �vdracarbons dlssolvea .Z ground _aver ( 100s- L000s of zecers ) <br /> (1811) Furtriermore the pacrer•z of -igrM=ton of the hydrocarbon phase <br /> nav Oe very different from drat o= the ground vacer Due Co. <br /> Eluczt:acians in ground+vacer a _evasion over rime the organic Laver on <br /> cad o[ the aquifer may ne ._:nsaorced _::ta several cones -here c`'e <br /> caaoonencs occur _n c`e ;"eOus ;haze ( able co diff-ze :t all <br /> directions Lneluding _awarc' L-quid <br /> ( <br /> Par=:-"' as or sealed unser _are_ q phase (adsornea onto ~ark <br /> �) or dissolves/ zmuislf_ea _Z %ace:- <br /> b/87 <br />