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1 5 of 6 Pages <br /> QUEMIC& HAZARDS <br /> The hazardous chemicals that may be encountered at the site are <br /> petroleum hydrocarbons, including benzene, toluene, ethyl <br /> benzene, and xylene A summary of relevant chemical physical <br /> and toxicological properties for each chemical hazard is listed <br /> below <br /> Benzene <br /> Benzene is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor It is a <br /> relatively volatile chemical (vapor pressure = 75 mm Hg @ 68 F) <br /> that may possibly be present in soils in both the liquid or <br /> ivapor form The flash point of benzene is only 12 F thereby <br /> classifying it as a flammable liquid Benzene is recognized by <br /> the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health as a <br /> potential human carcinogen. <br /> Benzene can enter the body through all four routes of exposure <br /> ( 1) inhalation; (2) absorption, ( 3) ingestion, and ( 4) <br /> injection Target organs are the blood, central nervous system, <br /> skin bone marrow, eyes, and respiratory system Acute exposure <br /> effects include irritation of the eyes, nose, and respiratory <br /> system as well as headache, nausea, staggered gait, depression, <br /> and abdominal pain The chronic effects of over-exposure is the <br /> potential for cancer The PEL for benzene is 10 0 ppm <br /> Toluene <br /> Toluene is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor It is less <br /> volatile than benzene (vapor pressure = 22 mm Hg @ 68 F) and may <br /> possibly be present in both the liquid and vapor state The <br /> flash point of toluene is 40 F classifying it as a flammable <br /> liquid <br /> Toluene can enter the body through all four routes of exposure- <br /> ( 1 ) inhalation, ( 2 ) absorption, (3) ingestion, and ( 4) <br /> injection Target organs are the central nervous system, liver, <br /> kidneys and skin Acute exposure effects include fatigue, <br /> dizziness, headache, euphoria, dilated pupils, paralysis The <br /> PEL for toluene is 200 ppm <br />' Ethyl Benzene <br /> Ethyl benzene is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor It <br /> has a relatively low volatility ( vapor pressure = 7 1 mm Hg <br /> 68 F) and may possibly be present in both the liquid and vapor <br /> state The flash point of ethyl benzene is 59 F classifying it <br /> as a flammable liquid <br /> Ethyl benzene can enter the body through all four routes of <br /> exposure ( 1 ) inhalation; ( 2) absorption, ( 3 ) inge,tion, and ( 4) <br /> Injection Target organs are the eyes, upper respiratory <br /> system, skin and central nervous system Acute exposI,[re effects <br /> include irritation of the eyes and mucous membranes , nose and <br />