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between the state and federal programs is that while The Water Quality Control Plans specify which beneficial the Clean Water Act focuses on surface water re- uses apply to each body of water within the state. Also sources,the term"waters of the state" under the relevant are policies of the State and Regional Water Porter-Cologne Act includes both surface and ground Boards. For example,in 1988, the State Water Board waters. Therefore,California has water quality stan- adopted Resolution 88-63, the "Sources of Drinking dards applicable to ground waters as well as standards Watee' policy. This policy specifies that,except under applicable to surface waters. specifically defined circumstances, ground and surface waters of the state are to be protected as existing or Beneficial Uses potential sources of municipal and domestic supply. Those circumstances include waters with existing high The first step in selecting water quality goals involves total dissolved solids concentrations(greater than 3000 the identification of the bodies of water which have mg/1),low sustainable yield (less than 200 gallons per been or have the potential to be affected by the particu- day for a single well), waters within agricultural lar waste management activity or pollutant release and drains,and geothermal waters. Application of one or the present and probable future beneficial uses of these more of these exemptions to remove the municipal and waters. The State and Regional Water Boards' Water domestic supply designation for a particular body of Quality Control Plans list these beneficial uses of water requires a hearing and a formal Basin Plan California's waters. For example,the Central Valley amendment by the appropriate Regional Water Board. Region's Water Quality Control Plan for the Sacramento River, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and San Joaquin River Water Quality Objectives Basins lists the following beneficial uses of surface and/ or ground waters: Once the beneficial uses of the relevant water bodies have been determined, the next step in selecting water ❑ Municipal and Domestic Supply quality goals is the determination of applicable water quality objectives. The Porter-Cologne Act defines ❑ Agricultural Supply "water quality objectives' as "the limits or levels of water quality constituents or characteristics which are Industrial Supply established for the reasonable protection of beneficial (both Service Supply and Process Supply) uses of water or the prevention of nuisance within a ❑ Ground Water Recharge specific area." Water quality objectives designed to protect beneficial uses and prevent nuisance are found ❑ Freshwater Replenishment in the Water Quality Control Plans of the State and Regional Water Boards. As with beneficial uses,water ❑ Navigation quality objectives are stated either for specific bodies of Hydroelectric Power Generation water,such as the Sacramento River between certain points,or for surface waters or ground waters through- ? Recreation out a basin or region. Water quality objectives come in (both Water Contact and Non-Water Contact) two forms,numerical and narrative. Where numerical objectives are listed in the Water Quality Control Plans, ❑ Freshwater Habitat their values become the water quality goals for the (both Warm Water and Cold Water) specified constituent(s)or parameter(s)in the specified body of water. However in many cases,water quality Wildlife Habitat objectives are stated in narrative form. Examples of ❑ Preservation of Rare and Endangered Species narrative objectives,taken from the Central Valley Region's Water Quality Control Plan for the Sacramento Fish Migration River,Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and San Joaquin River Basins include: ❑ Fish Spawning Page 4 California's Water Quality Standards