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enhanced by abrasions, cuts, heat, and moisture The eye is particularly vulnerable <br /> because airborne chemicals can dissolve in its most surface and be carried to the rest of <br /> the body through the bloodstream (capillaries are very close to the surface of the eye) <br /> Wearing protective equipment, not using contact lenses in contaminated atmospheres <br /> (since they may trap chemicals against the eye surface), keeping hands away from the <br /> face, and minimizing contact with liquid and solid chemicals can help protect against <br /> skin and eye contact <br /> Although ingestion should be the least significant route of exposure at a site, it is <br /> important to be aware of how this type of exposure can occur Deliberate ingestion of <br /> chemicals is unlikely, however, personal habits such as chewing gum or tobacco, <br /> drinking, eating, smoking cigarettes, and applying cosmetics on site may provide a route <br /> of entry for chemicals <br /> r <br /> The last primary route of chemical exposure is injection, whereby chemicals a e <br />�• introduced into the body through puncture wounds (for example, by stepping or tripping <br /> and falling onto contaminated sharp objects) Wearing safety shoes, avoiding physical <br /> hazards, and taking common sense precautions are important protective measures against <br /> injection <br /> The site history and results of previous site investigations indicate that exposure of field <br /> personnel to elevated levels of hazardous chemicals is unlikely Generic chemical hazard <br /> profiles of substances that might be encountered at the site are summarized below <br /> 5.1.1 Gasoline <br /> Gasoline is a flammable petroleum product refined from crude oil The major <br /> components of gasoline are primarily paraffins, olefins, napthalenes, aromatics, and ethyl <br /> alcohol Gasoline can cause hyperemia or the conjunctiva and other disturbances of the <br /> eye it is also a skin irritant and possible allergen On acute inhalation, humans <br /> experience intense burning of the throat and respiratory system At extremely high <br /> concentrations where oxygen displacement is a factor, asphyxiation may occur Severe <br />�I <br /> S\BFS\STOCKTON\HSP0011 10/15/99 5-4 <br />