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) <br /> i <br /> JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS <br /> GASOLINE RANGE HYDROCARBONS <br /> The main compound of interest is petroleum range hydrocarbons. <br /> Gasoline and its constituents pose health hazards in two ma]or <br /> y classifications : Explosivity and toxicity. The extreme <br /> flammability of gasoline is commonly known. The lower explosion <br /> limit (LEL) of gasoline vapor is 1 . 3 percent in air. if the <br /> concentration of gasoline vapor in air exceeds 1 .3 percent (13 ,000 <br /> ppm) and sufficient quantities of oxygen are present, then the <br /> introduction of sufficient heat, spark or flame will result in an <br /> explosion. <br /> A lesser known health hazard resulting from exposure to gasoline <br /> is toxicity. Several common constituents of gasoline have been <br /> linked to various health problems . The constituents of gasoline <br /> that have been shown to cause serious health problems resulting <br /> from relatively manor exposures include Benzene, Toluene, meta, <br /> para and ortho xylenes, Ethyl benzene, and Tetraethyl lead. <br /> Typical percentages (by weight) of these constituents in gasoline <br /> are: Benzene - 0 .12-3 .50%, Toluene - 2 .73-21 . 80% , meta xylene - <br /> 1 .77-3 . 87%, para xylene - 0 . 77-1 .58% , ortho xylene - 0 .68-3 .686% , <br /> and Ethyl benzene - 0 . 36-2 .86% . Typical percentage of Tetraethyl <br /> ' lead is not available. <br /> Units used to describe occupational exposures to hazardous <br /> substances include: Exposure limit, also known as the "Threshold <br /> Limit Value" (TLV) , Ceiling Limit, and the concentration level <br /> that is "Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health" ( IDLH) . The <br /> ' EXPOSURE LIMIT defines the maximum concentration of a substance to <br /> i <br /> which one can be exposed during an 8 hour period without suffering <br /> significant health effects . The CEILING LIMIT is the <br /> concentration level that cannot be exceeded at any time. A <br /> ' suitable respirator and/or other suitable breathing apparatus and <br /> body protective equipment must be worn if concentration values <br /> reach the ceiling limit. The iDLH LEVEL represents a maximum <br /> concentration from which one could escape within 30 minutes of <br /> �. Fes, , „ro ;.litho„t experiencincr escape-impairment or <br /> i espir a o fEailb[L J 4 <br /> irreversible health damage. IDLH values are not listed for <br /> { <br /> substances that are potential human carcinogens . <br /> EXPOSURE TABLE <br /> = SUBSTANCE TLV-TWA TLV-STEL TLV-CEILING IDLH <br /> t <br /> Benzene . 01. ppm N/A N/A 3000 ppm (Ca) <br /> ` Toluene 100 ppm 150 ppm N/A 2000 ppm <br /> a Xylene 100 ppm 150 ppm N/A 1000 ppm <br /> l Ethyl benzene 100 ppm 125 ppm N/A 2000 ppm <br /> K� <br /> i <br />