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Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Report Page IV.G-9 <br /> Forward Inc. Landfill 2018 Expansion Project <br /> southern half of the Forward Unit,potentially associated with agricultural pumping on adjacent <br /> properties (GLA 2018a). ' <br /> The Water Quality Control Plan(Basin Plan)for the Sacramento River and San Joaquin River <br /> Basins indicate the site is located in the Duck-Littlejohns Hydrologic Area of the San Joaquin ' <br /> River Basin.The San Joaquin Hydrologic Basin is a major regional aquifer system and <br /> groundwater in the basin is used for industrial, domestic, and agricultural purposes. <br /> The first encountered groundwater in the site area ranges from about 60 to 80 feet bgs and the ' <br /> depths to water fluctuate by as much as 15 feet between wet and dry seasons. No regionally <br /> continuous fine-grained layers have been identified in the older alluvial formations and <br /> groundwater is largely unconfined. However, due to the fluvial depositional environment, <br /> laterally discontinuous layers of fine-grained soil are present and local areas of groundwater <br /> confinement are known to occur(DWR 2003;GLA 2017a,2018a, 2018b).The area surrounding ' <br /> the landfill is primarily agricultural and there are numerous supply wells and irrigation <br /> distribution tanks with piping networks to discharge pumped groundwater to the crops in the <br /> area.Most of the production wells are constructed to depths on the order of 500 feet or more ' <br /> and produce water from the Laguna Formation. <br /> Groundwater at the Forward Landfill is monitored by 50 groundwater monitoring wells, three ' <br /> domestic wells, and five piezometers.The monitoring wells are used to collect water level <br /> elevations as well as water quality data. In addition,the current Corrective Action Program <br /> (CAP) includes four active groundwater extraction wells.Data from these wells and ' <br /> piezometers indicate uppermost groundwater beneath the landfill occurs at depths that range <br /> from about 50 to 80 feet bgs in the younger alluvium and is unconfined. <br /> Groundwater gradient(the steepness of the slope of the groundwater flow)varies seasonally, ' <br /> being reflective of the weather cycles and pumping,with a steeper,north-trending gradient in <br /> dry years and a more gentle,northeast gradient in wet years.Data collected by GLA between <br /> 2003 and 2018 indicate that, groundwater generally flows to the north and northeasterly at a ' <br /> gradient between 0.001 and 0.003 ft/ft. Locally, a southeast gradient has been noted in the <br /> southern area of the Original Forward Landfill beginning in May 2011 that is believed to result <br /> from adjacent agricultural pumping. ' <br /> Pump testing performed for extraction wells EW-1 and EW-2 at the Forward Landfill resulted in <br /> an estimated hydraulic conductivity of about 250 feet per day(ft/day) for the uppermost ' <br /> aquifer beneath the landfill (CDM, 1999).Assuming an effective porosity of 0.35, the <br /> groundwater flow rate is estimated to be about 0.7 to 2.1 ft/day.Depth to water measurements <br /> in shallow and deeper well pairs in the Evaluation Monitoring Program (EMP)wells for the <br /> Austin Road Unit(ARU)indicate there is no appreciable vertical hydraulic gradient below the <br /> Forward Landfill. <br />