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EXTOXNET PIP - AZINOPHOS-METHYL Pagel of 4 EXTOXNET Extension Toxicology Network V Pesticide Information Profiles A Pesticide Information Project of Cooperative Extension Offices of Cornell University, Oregon State University, the University of Idaho, and the University of California at Davis and the Institute for Environmental Toxicology, Michigan State University. Major support and funding was provided by the USDA/Extension Service/National j Agricultural Pesticide Impact Assessment Program. EXTOXNET primary files maintained and archived at Oregon State University Revised June 1996 :Azinphos-methyl; Trade and Other Names: Common names include azinphos-methyl and metiltriazotion. Trade names include Azimil, Bay 9027, Bay 17147, Carfene, Cotnion-methyl, Gusathion, Gusathion-M,:Guthion, and Methyl- Guthion. Re ulato Status: All azinphos-methyl liquids with a concentration greater than 13.5% are classified as Restricted Use Pesticides (RUP) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because of the inhalation hazard and acute toxicity they present, as well as their potential adverse effects on mammalian species, birds, and aquatic organisms. RUPs may be purchased and used only by certified applicators. The EPA has imposed a 24-hour reentry interval for this material. It is toxicity class I - highly toxic. Products containing azinphos-methyl bear the Signal Words DANGER and POISON. Chemical Class: OP insecticide Introduction: Azinphos-methyl is a highly persistent, broad spectrum insecticide. It is also toxic to mites and ticks, and poisonous to snails and slugs. It is a member of the organophosphate class of chemicals. It is nonsystemic, f meaning that it is not transported from one plant part to another. It is used primarily as a foliar application against leaf feeding insects. It works as both a contact insecticide and a stomach poison. Azinphos-methyl is registered for use in the control of many insect pests on a wide variety of fruit, vegetable, nut, and field crops, as well as on ornamentals,tobacco, and forest and shade trees. Outside of the U.S., azinphos-methyl is used in lowland rice production. Azinphos-methyl is available in emulsifiable liquid, liquid flowable, ULV liquid, and wettable powder formulations. Formulation: Azinphos-methyl is available in emulsifiable liquid, liquid flowable, ULV liquid, and wettable powder formulations. r Toxicological Effects: . Acute toxicity: Azinphos-methyl is one of the most toxic of the organophosphate insecticides [2,23]. It is highly toxic by inhalation, dermal absorption, ingestion, and eye contact [2]. Like all organophosphate chemicals, azinphos-methyl is a cholinesterase inhibitor. It damages normal functioning of cholinesterase, an enzyme which is essential to proper nervous system function. Individuals with a history of reduced lung function, convulsive disorders, or recent exposure to other cholinesterase inhibitors are at increased risk from exposure to azinphos-methyl [2,8]. There is wide variation in the recorded LD50 values for azinphos-methyl M depending on the route of exposure and the test animal. The oral LD50 for azinphos-methyl is 4.4 to 16 mg/kg