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;XTOXNET PIP - 254-D Page 1 of 3
<br /> EXTOXNET
<br /> Extension Toxicology Network
<br /> Pesticide Information Profiles
<br /> A Pesticide Information Project of Cooperative Extension Offices of Cornell University, Oregon State University,
<br /> the University of Idaho, and the University of California at Davis and the Institute for Environmental Toxicology,
<br /> Michigan State University. Major support and funding was provided by the USDA/Extension Service/National
<br /> Agricultural Pesticide Impact Assessment Program.
<br /> EXTOXNET primary files maintained and archived at Oregon State University
<br /> Revised June 1996
<br /> r
<br /> 2,4-D
<br /> Trade and Other Names:2,4-D is used in many commercial products. Commercial names for products
<br /> containing 2,4-D include Aqua-Kleen, Barrage, Lawn-Keep, Malerbane, Planotox, Plantgard, Savage, Salvo,
<br /> Weedone, and Weedtrine-II.
<br /> • - General Use Pesticide GUP in the U.S. The diethylamine salt is toxicity class
<br /> Status. 2 4 D is a Gene ( }
<br /> Regulatory _
<br /> III- slightly toxic orally, but toxicity class i_ highlyl
<br /> toxic by eye exposure. It bears the Signalnal Word DANGER
<br /> POISON because 2,4-D has produced serious eye and skin irritation among agricultural workers.
<br /> Chemical Class: phenoxy compound
<br /> Introduction: There are many forms or derivatives of 2,4-D including esters, amines, and salts. Unless otherwise
<br /> specified, this document will refer to the acid form of 2,4-D. 2,4-D, a chlorinated phenoxy compound, functions as a
<br /> systemic herbicide and is used to control many types of broadleaf weeds. It is used in cultivated agriculture, in
<br /> pasture and rangeland applications, forest management,home, garden, and to control aquatic vegetation. It may be
<br /> found in emulsion form, in aqueous solutions (salts), and as a dry compound.
<br /> The product Agent Orange, used extensively throughout Vietnam, was about 50% 2,4-D. However, the
<br /> controversies associated with the use of Agent Orange were associated with a contaminant(dioxin) in the 2,4,5-T
<br /> component of the defoliant.
<br /> Formulation: It may be found in emulsion form, in aqueous solutions (salts), and as a dry compound.
<br /> Toxicoto ical Effects:
<br /> . Acute toxicity: The acid form is of slight to moderate toxicity. The oral LD50 of 2,4-D ranges from 375 to
<br /> 666 mg/kg in the rat, 370 mg/kg in mice, and from less than 320 to 1000 mg/kg in guinea pigs. The dermal
<br /> rabbits, respectively 1 5 7 . In humans, prolonged
<br /> 1400 mg/kg in ra y [ ]
<br /> LD50 values are 1500 mg/kg m rats and g g � P
<br /> loss of muscle coordination [1]. Other
<br /> uses coughing,burriin dizziness, and temporary
<br /> breathing of 2,4-D ca g�
<br /> symptoms of poisoning can be fatigue and weakness with possible nausea. On rare occasions following high
<br /> levels of exposure, there can be inflammation of the nerve endings with muscular effects [25].
<br /> . Chronic toxicity: Rats given high amounts, 50 mg/kg/day, of 2,4-D in the diet for 2 years showed no adverse
<br /> effects. Dogs fed lower amounts in their food for 2 years died, probably because dogs do not excrete organic
<br /> acids efficiently. A human given a total of 16.3 g in 32 days therapeutically, lapsed into a stupor and showed
<br /> signs of incoordination, weak reflexes, and loss of bladder control [1,5,7].
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