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98 ` Sail Survey; table increase the possibility that septic tank absorption too wet reduces productivity and increases the runoff fields will not function properly. The very slow rate. The very low available water capacity limits the permeability can be overcome by increasing the size of production of desirable forage plants. the absorption field. Properly designing foundations and If this unit is used for homesite development, the footings and diverting runoff away from buildings help to main limitations are the depth to bedrock, the high .' {- prevent the structural damage caused by shrinking and shrink-swell potential, the slow permeability, and low swelling. Properly designing buildings and roads can strength. General management considerations include offset the limited ability of the soil to support a load. A the hazard of erosion. The cuts needed to provide drainage system is needed if roads or building essentially level building sites can expose the bedrock. foundations are constructed. Houses, roads, and streets Because of the depth to bedrock, the size of septic tank . ' ;. should be constructed above expected flood levels. absorption fields should be increased or specially This map unit is in capability units Illw-6 (MLRA-17), designed sewage disposal systems should be used. irrigated, and IVw-6 (MLRA-17), nonirrigated. It is in The slow permeability can be overcome by increasing vegetative soil group F. the size of the absorption field. Properly designing .... foundations and footings and diverting runoff away from ' 212—Peters clay, 2 to 8 percent slopes. This buildings help to prevent the structural damage caused shallow, well drained, gently sloping and moderately by shrinking and swelling, Properly designing buildings . sloping soil is on hills. It formed in material weathered and roads can offset the limited ability of the soil to from andesitic, tuffaceous sandstone. The native' support a load. Excavation for roads and buildings vegetation is mainly annual grasses and forbs. increases the hazard of erosion. Elevation is 135 to 300 feet. The average annual This map unit is in capability subclass, We : precipitation is about 16 inches, the average annual air (MLRA-18), nonirrigated. It is in vegetative soil group temperature is about 60 degrees F, and the average G. frost-free period is about 270 days. Typically, the upper part of the surface layer is very 213—Piper sandy loam, partially drained, 0 to 2 dark gray clay about 5 inches thick. The lower part is percent slopes. This very deep, poorly drained, nearfy very dark brown clay about 10 inches thick. White level soil is on natural levees and deltas. It formed in sandstone bedrock is at a depth of 15 inches. In some mixed alluvium derived from granitic rock sources. 4areas the surface layer is.gravelly or cobbly clay. Mottles in the profile indicate a poorly drained soi Included in this unit are small areas of Alamo soils in however, drainage has been improved by levees and drainageways and Pentz and Redding soils on terraces. reclamation projects. Elevation is 15 feet below sea Also included are small areas of fine textured soils that level to 5 feet above. The average annual precipitation w have bedrock at a depth of more than 20 inches or in is about 14 inches, the average annual air temperature which gravel and cobbles cover 10 to 35 percent of the is about 60 degrees F, and the average frost-free period surface. Included areas make up about 15 percent of is about 270 days. F11 the total acrea e.g Typically, the surface layer is dark grayish brown and Permeability is slow in the Peters soil. Available brown, mottled sandy loam about 15 inches thick. The water capacity is very low. The shrink-swell potential is subsoil is light brownish gray, mottled, weakly cemented high. The effective rooting depth is limited by the sandy loam about 24 inches thick. The underlying bedrock at a depth of 10 to 20 inches. Runoff is slow or material to a depth of 60 inches is light brownish gray, Fmedium, and the hazard of water erosion is slight or mottled loamy sand. The soil is calcareous throughout. i moderate. In some areas the surface layer is mucky loam. Most areas are used for livestock grazing. A few Included in this unit are small areas of Ryde, Rindge,.:` areas are used for homesite development. This unit Shima, and Valdez soils in the slightly lower Iandscane may provide wetland functions and values. These positions. Included areas make up about 15 percent of + should be considered in plans for enhancement of the total acreage. If wildlife habitat or land use conversion. Permeability is moderate in the Piper soil. Availals>e Where this unit is used for livestock grazing, general water capacity is low. The effective rooting depth of the #,:: management considerations include the limited depth, crops commonly grown in the county is limited by anF. .t the clayey surface layer, and the very low available apparent water table that is regulated at a depth of 3 to : : water capacity. The characteristic plant community is 5 feet by pumping. Runoff is slow, and the hazard of ? mainly soft chess, wild oat, and filaree. Fencing is water erosion is slight. The rate of water intake in ` t , difficult because of the depth to bedrock. Trampling of irrigated areas is 1.5 inches per hour. The hazard of the clayey surface layer by livestock when the soil is soil blowing is moderate. The soil is subject to rare :.:'