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Chapter 4 Agricultural Waste Characteristics Part 651 Agricultural Waste Management Field Handbook (e) Swine that may be allowed to overflow to lagoons or longer- term storage units.Daily accumulation of such waste Swine waste and waste management systems have been cannot be accurately predicted.Table 4-12 presents widely studied,and much has been reported on swine concentration data on solids and nutrients in swine manure properties.Table 4-11 lists characteristics of"as waste in tanks.Using these concentrations and the excreted"swine manure from feeding and breeding volume of waste on hand,plans for use of the waste stock More specific data on manure solids produced by can be made. growing swine ranging from 10 to 220 pounds are in figure 4-2.Breeding stock manure characteristics,also Swine waste storage structures and facilities must make shown in table 4-11,are subject to less variation than allowances for wasted water. Small pigs,especially,play those for growing animals. Wasted feed also signifi- with automatic waterers and can waste up to 3 gallons cantly changes manure characteristics.A 10 percent of water per day per head.See section 651.0403(b)(2) for feed waste increases manure total solids by 40 percent additional information.Table 4-13 gives data on the nature of rainfall runoff and settling basin sludge from Ration components can make a significant difference surfaced swine feedlots exposed to precipitation. in manure characteristics. Corn,the principal grain in swine rations,has a high digestibility (90%).Table 4-11 Anaerobic lagoons have been used extensively for swine and figure 4-2 were developed for corn-based rations. waste in the United States.Supernatant,the upper liquid If a grain of lower digestibility,such as barley (79%),is layer,of properly operating swine lagoons is often substituted for 50 percent of the corn in the ration,the brownish,chocolate,or purple.It's characteristics are total solids of the manure increase 41 percent and the listed in table 4-13.Light yellowish-green lagoon super- volatile solids increase 43 percent above that of a natant is generally less concentrated,and black gener- ration based on corn Wasted feed further increases ally is more concentrated than indicated in the table. the necessary size of storage units and lagoon facilities needed for manure from rations of lower digestibility. Sludge accumulates in a good anaerobic swine lagoon at a rate of 0.0485 cubic foot per pound of total solids A common procedure for collecting and storing swine placed in the lagoon This is about 12 cubic feet per waste under slatted floors is in deep or shallow tanks grower/finisher equivalent annually. Table 4-11 Swine waste characterization-as excreted' Component Units Grower Replacement ------ Sow------ Boar Nursing/ 40-220 lb gilt Gestation Lactation nursery pig 0-40 lb Weight lb/d/1000# 63.40 32.80 27.20 60.00 20.50 106.00 Volume ft3/d/1000# 1.00 0.53 0.44 0.96 0.33 1.70 Moisture % 90.00 90.00 90.80 90. 00 90.70 90.00 TS %w.b. 10.00 10.00 9.20 10.00 9.30 10.00 lb/d/1000# 6.34 3.28 2.50 6.00 1.90 10.60 VS 5.40 2.92 2.13 5.40 1.70 8.80 FS 0.94 0.36 0.37 0.60 0.30 1.80 COD 6.06 3.12 2.37 5.73 1.37 9.80 BODS 2.08 1.08 0.83 2.00 0.65 3.40 N 0.42 0.24 0.19 0.47 0.15 0.60 p 0.16 0.08 0.06 0.15 0.05 0.25 K 0.22 0.13 0.12 0.30 0.10 0.35 TDS 1.29 C:N ratio 7 7 6 6 6 8 Average daily production for weight range noted.Increase solids and nutrients by 4%for each 1%feed waste more than 5%. 4-12 (210-vi-AWMFH,rev.1.July 1996)