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6. 4i r L L L L L L average frost -free period is about 270 days. Typically, the upper 8 inches of the surface layer is dark grayish brown clay loam. The lower 16 inches of the surface layer and the subsoil to a depth of 60 inches are brown clay. In some areas the surface layer is clay or silty clay loam. Included in this unit are small areas of Cogna, Finrod, Hollenbeck, and Vignolo soils. These soils are in landscape positions sirnilar in Ihose of flip. Archerdnln soil. Also includecl, un IIIc sllghlly Irighp.r pads of the landscape, are small areas of Archerdale soils that have slopes of 3 percent. Included areas make up about 15 percent of the total acreage. Permeability is slow in the Archerdale soil. Available water capacity is high. The shrink -swell potential also is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is slow, and the hazard of water erosion is slight. The rate of water intake in irrigated areas is 0.5 inch per hour. The hazard of soil blowing is slight. The soil is subject to rare flooding, which occurs during years of abnormally high precipitation. Most areas of this unit are used for irrigated crops or orchards. A few areas are used for homesite development. This unit is suited to irrigated row, field, and orchard crops. The main limitation is the slow permeability. Because of the restricted permeability, water applications should be regulated so that the water does not stand on the surface and damage the crops. Furrow, border, and sprinkler irrigation systems are suitable. Returning crop residne to the soil nr mqularly adding other organic nmlerial improves Ieifility, minimizes crusting, and increases the rate of water intake. If this unit is used for homesite development, the main limitations are the high shrink -swell potential, low strength, and the slow permeability. The rare flooding is a hazard. Properly designing foundations and footings and diverting runoff away from buildings help to prevent the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling. Properly designing buildings and roads can offset the limited ability of the soil to support a load. On sites for septic tank absorption fields, the slow permeability can be overcome by increasing the size of the absorption field. Houses, roads, and streets should be constructed above expected flood levels. This map unit is in capability units IIs -3 (MLRA-17), irrigated, and IVs -3 (MLRA-17), nonirrigated. It is in vegetative soil group A. 108—Arents, saline -sodic, 0 to 2 percent slopes. L These somewhat poorly drained, nearly level soils are in areas on low alluvial fans or fan terraces where E ripping, cutting, of filling has allerad thit n Jillape.. L Soil Survey They are moderately deep or deep to a hardpan or are very deep. They formed in alluvium derived from mixed rock sources. Mottles in the profile indicate somewhat poorly drained soils; however, drainage has been improved by levees and reclamation projects. Elevation is 20 to 30 feet. The average annual precipitation is about 11 inches, the average annual air temperature is about 60 degrees F, and the average frost -free period is nhout 700 .Inya. The surface layer is grayish brown and brown sandy loam or loam about 10 inches thick. The upper 30 inches of the underlying material is light brownish gray, pale brown, and yellowish brown, mottled loam and clay loam. The next 10 inches is a weakly cemented to strongly cemented hardpan that has been disrupted by ripping. The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is stratified light brownish gray and grayish brown loamy sand and sandy loam. The soils are saline -sodic throughout. Fragments of the hardpan are common throughout the profile. Fragments of cemented material are on the surface and throughout the profile in some areas that have been subsoiled, deeply ripped, or backhoed. Included in this unit are small areas of Manteca, Timor, and Bisgani soils and medium textured soils that do not have a hardpan and are not saline -sodic. The included soils are in landscape positions similar to those of the Arents. They make up about 15 percent of the total acreage. Permeability is moderate or moderately slow in the Arenfs. Avnilahln wnfor capncily is low or nuufornin. I he effective rooting depth of the crops commonly grown in the county is limited by a perched water table at a depth of 3 to 5 feet. Runoff is slow, and the hazard of water erosion is slight. The rate of water intake in irrigated areas is 1.5 inches per hour. The soils are subject to rare flooding, which occurs during years of abnormally high precipitation. Most areas are used for irrigated crops or pasture. This unit may provide wetland functions and values. These should be considered in plans for enhancement of wildlife habitat or land use conversion. This unit is suited to irrigated row and field crops. The main limitations are the saline -sodic conditions and the high water table. The content of salts can be reduced by leaching, applying the proper amount of soil amendments, and returning crop residue to the soils. Careful applications of irrigation water are needed to prevent the buildup of a high water table. A drainage system may be needed. Intensive management is required to reduce the salinity and maintain productivity. Furrow, border, and sprinkler irrigation systems are suitable. Rnturninq crop msirinn In tho soils or regularly adding ulher oignnic rnalenal inynovos fortillty,