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EXTOXNET PIP - CHLORPYRIFOS Page 1 of 4
<br /> EXTOXNET
<br /> Extension Toxicology Network
<br /> Pesticide Information Profiles
<br /> A Pesticide Information Project of Cooperative Extension Offices of Cornell University, Oregon State University, the
<br /> University of Idaho, and the University of California at Davis and the Institute for Environmental Toxicology, Michigan
<br /> State University. Major support and funding was provided by the USDA/Extension Service/National Agricultural
<br /> Pesticide Impact Assessment Program.
<br /> EXTOXNET primary files maintained and archived at Oregon State University
<br /> Revised June 1996
<br /> Chlorpyrifos
<br /> Trade and Other Names: Trade names include Brodan,Detmol UA, Dowco 179, Dursban, Empire, Eradex,
<br /> Lorsban, Paqeant, Piridane, Scout, and Stipend.
<br /> Regulatory Status: The EPA has established a 24-hour reentry interval for crop areas treated with emulsifiable
<br /> concentrate or wettable powder formulations of chlorpyrifos unless workers wear protective clothing. Chlorpyrifos is .
<br /> toxicity class II- moderately toxic. Products containing chlorpyrifos bear the Signal Word WARNING or CAUTION,
<br /> depending on the toxicity of the formulation. It is classified as a General Use Pesticide(GUP).
<br /> Chemical Class: organophosphate
<br /> Introduction: Chlorpyrifos is a broad-spectrum organophosphate insecticide. While originally used primarily to kill
<br /> mosquitoes, it is no longer registered for this use. Chlorpyrifos is effective in controlling cutworms, corn rootworms,
<br /> cockroaches, grubs, flea beetles, flies, termites, fire ants, and lice. It is used as an insecticide on grain, cotton, field, fruit,
<br /> nut and vegetable crops, and well as on lawns and ornamental plants. It is also registered for direct use on sheep and
<br /> turkeys, for horse site treatment, dog kennels, domestic dwellings, farm buildings, storage bins, and commercial
<br /> establishments. Chlorpyrifos acts on pests primarily as a contact poison,with some action as a stomach poison. It is
<br /> available as granules,wettable powder, dustable powder and emulsifiable concentrate.
<br /> Formulation: It is available as granules, wettable powder, dustable powder, and emulsifiable concentrate.
<br /> Toxicological Effects:
<br /> a Acute toxicity: Chlorpyrifos is moderately toxic to humans [43]. Poisoning from chlorpyrifos may affect the
<br /> central nervous system, the cardiovascular system, and the respiratory system. It is also a skin and eye irritant [2].
<br /> While some organophosphates are readily absorbed through the skin, studies in humans suggest that skin absorptior
<br /> of chlorpyrifos is limited [2]. Symptoms of acute exposure to organophosphate or cholinesterase-inhibiting
<br /> compounds may include the following: numbness, tingling sensations, incoordination,headache, dizziness, tremor,
<br /> nausea, abdominal cramps, sweating,blurred vision, difficulty breathing or respiratory depression, and slow
<br /> heartbeat. Very high doses may result in unconsciousness, incontinence, and convulsions or fatality. Persons with
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