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76 Soil Suri restricted permeability, water applications should be The Jacktone soil is moderately deep to a hardpE regulated so that the water does not stand on the an limits the and is somewhat poorly drained. It formed in alluviu surface and damage the crops. The hardpan derived from mixed rock sources. Mottles in the pro, suitability for deep-rooted crops. Where feasible, deep indicate a somewhat poorly drained soil; however, ripping of this restrictive layer can help to overcome this drainage has been improved by levees and reclama limitation. The soil should be cultivated only within a projects. Typically, the surface layeris very dark grE narrow range of moisture content. It is too sticky when and dark gray clay about 22 inches thick. The upper wet and too hard when dry. Furrow, border, and inches of the subsoil is dark gray clay and light gray sprinkler irrigation systems are suitable. Returning crop clay loam. The next 3 inches is a light gray, strongly residue to the soil or regularly adding other organic cemented to indurated hardpan. The next 9 inches i; material improves fertility, minimizes crusting, and yellowish brown loam. The lower part to a depth of E increases the rate of water intake. inches is a yellowish brown, weakly cemented hardp This unit is suited to irrigated pasture. Irrigation water In some areas the surface layer is silty clay or silty c can be applied by sprinkler and border methods. loam. Leveling helps to ensure a uniform application of water. Permeability is slow in the Jacktone soil. AvailablE Proper stocking rates, pasture rotation, and restricted water capacity is moderate. The shrink-swell potentia grazing during wet periods help to keep the pasture in high. The effective rooting depth is limited by the good condition and protect the soil from compaction. hardpan at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Depth to the If this unit is used for urban development, the main water table is more than 5 feet, but water may be bri- limitations are the high shrink-swell potential, the slow permeability, depth to the hardpan, and low strength. rainfall oabogation. Rue thednoffnis slow,aer and theiodsfhheavy a and of The rare flooding is a hazard. Properly designing p y g 9 water erosion is slight. The rate of water intake in foundations and footings and diverting runoff away from irrigated areas is 0.1 inch per hour. The soil is subjec buildings help to prevent the structural damage caused to rare flooding, which occurs durin by shrinking and swelling. On sites for septic tank 9 years of absorption fields, the slow permeability can be abnormally high precipitation. overcome by increasing the size of the absorption field. driveways, sidewalks, parking ots buiban land consists of areas cilldi gs, andd othE Ripping the hardpan improves permeability and thus structures. The soil material under the impervious also improves the suitability of the soil for septic tank surface is similar to that of Jacktone clay. absorption fields. Properly designing buildings g Most areas are used for urban development. A few roads can offset the limited ability of the soil to support areas are used for irrigated crops. This unit may a load. Houses, roads, and streets should be provide wetland functions and values. These should b constructed above expected flood levels. considered in plans for enhancement of wildlife habita This map unit is in capability units Ills-8 (MLRA-17), irrigated, and IVs-8 (MLRA-17), nonirrigated. It is in or land use conversion. vegetative soil group G. Where the Jacktone soil is used for urban development, the main limitations are the high shrink- swell potential, the slow permeability, depth to the 181—Jacktone-Urban land complex, 0 to 2 p hardpan, and low strength. The rare flooding is a slopes. This nearly level map unit is in basins. hazard. Properly designing foundations and footings Elevation is 10 to 40 feet. The average annual and diverting runoff away from buildings help to prever precipitation is about 14 inches, the average annual air the structural damage caused by shrinking and swellint temperature is about 60 degrees F, and the average On sites for septic tank absorption fields, the slow frost-free period is about 270 days. permeability can be overcome by increasing the size o'i This unit is 50 percent Jacktone clay and 35 percent the absorption field. Ripping the hardpan improves Urban land. The components of this unit occur as areas permeability and thus also improves the suitability of th so intricately intermingled that it was not practical to soil for septic tank absorption fields. Properly designing map them separately at the scale used. buildings and roads can offset the limited ability of the Included in this unit are small areas of Hollenbeck and Stockton soils in landscape positions similar to soil to support a load. Houses, roads, and streets slightly should be constructed above expected flood levels. those of the Jacktone soil. Also included, on the sli g y The Jacktone soil is suited to irrigated row, field, higher parts of the landscape, are small areas of Jacktone soils that have moderately coarse textured or orchard, and vineyard crops. The main limitations are moderately fine textured overwash. Included areas the slow permeability and depth to the hardpan. e. Because of the restricted permeability, water make up about 15 percent of the total acreage. applications should be regulated so that the water does 1