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of safely supporting the greater of the weight of a 200-pound person or the weight of worker(s) and material(s) placed <br /> thereon. <br /> 8. Coverings shall be secured in place to prevent accidental removal or displacement, and shall bear a pressure sensitized, <br /> painted, or stenciled sign with legible letters not less than one inch high, stating: "Opening--Do Not Remove." Markings of <br /> chalk or keel shall not be used. <br /> 9. Ladder way floor openings or platforms shall be guarded by standard railings with standard toe boards on all exposed <br /> sides, except at the entrance to the opening, with the passage through the railing either provided with a swinging gate or <br /> so offset that a person cannot walk directly into the opening. <br /> 10. Floor holes, into which persons can accidentally walk, shall be guarded by either a standard railing with standard toe <br /> boards on all exposed sides, or a floor hole cover of standard strength and construction that is secured against accidental <br /> displacement.While the cover is not in place,the floor hole shall be protected by standard railings. <br /> 11. Wall openings, from which there is a drop of more than 4 feet, and the bottom of the opening is less than 3 feet above <br /> the working surface,shall be guarded with either a standard rail or intermediate rail or both. <br /> 12. An extension platform outside a wall opening onto which materials can be hoisted for handling shall have side rails or <br /> equivalent guards of standard specifications. One side of an extension platform may have removable railings in order to <br /> facilitate handling materials. <br /> 13. Wall opening protection barriers shall be of such construction and mounting that, when in place at the opening, the <br /> barrier is capable of withstanding a load of at least 200 pounds applied in any direction (except upward). <br /> 14. All elevator shafts in which cages are not installed and which are not enclosed with solid partitions and doors shall be <br /> guarded on all open sides by standard railings and toe boards. <br /> 15. A full body harness and lanyard are required when using boom lifts. <br /> Personal Fall Arrest Systems <br /> Personal fall arrest systems consist of a full body harness and a shock-absorbing lanyard attached to suitable anchorage. They <br /> are also an effective means of preventing fall accidents. The system does not actually stop you from falling, but catches you <br /> and safely stops you from hitting the level below. Fall arrest systems will be our preferred means of protection when standard <br /> guardrails, safety cables, or covers are not practical. The following rules, in addition to the manufacturer's requirements and <br /> OSHA regulations,will be observed: <br /> 1. Ropes and straps (webbing) used in lanyards, lifelines, and strength components of body harnesses shall be made from <br /> synthetic fibers except when they are used in conjunction with hot work where the lanyard may be exposed to damage <br /> from heat or flame. <br /> 2. Anchorages used for attachment of personal fall arrest equipment shall be independent of any anchorage being used to <br /> support or suspend platforms and capable of supporting at least 5,000 pounds per employee attached, or shall be <br /> designed, installed, and used as part of a complete personal fall arrest system which maintains a safety factor of at least <br /> two;and under the supervision of a qualified person. <br /> 3. The attachment point of the body belt shall be located in the center of the wearer's back. The attachment point of the <br /> body harness shall be located in the center of the wearer's back near shoulder level,or above the wearer's head. <br /> 4. Where practical,the anchor end of the lanyard shall be secured at a level not lower than the employee's waist, limiting <br /> 58 <br />