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APEX ENVIROTEC, INC. and time. The sample-c )I officer at the laboratory will verity 11 sample integrity,correct p.o'ervation, confirm collection in the proper STANDARD OPERATING PWL EDURES container(s),and ensure adequate volume for analysis. Monitoring Well Installation If these conditions are met,the samples will be assigned unique SOP-1 laboratory log numbers for identification throughout analysis and SOIL BORING SAMPLING reporting. The log numbers will be recorded on the chain-of-custody forms and in the legally-required log book maintained in the During drilling,soil samples for chemical analysis are collected in thin- laboratory. The sample description,date received,clients name,and walled brass tubes, of varying diameters and lengths (e.g.,4 or any other relevant information will also be recorded. inches long by 2 inches outside diameter). Three or four of the SOP-5 selected tubes,plus a spacer tube, are set in an 18-inch long split- barrel sampler of the appropriate inside-diameter. LABORATORY ANALYTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONTROL Where possible,the split-barrel sampler is driven its entire length either hydraulically or using a 140-pound drop hammer. The sampler In addition to routine instrument calibration,replicates,spikes,blanks, is extracted from the borehole and the brass tubes, containing the$oil spiked blanks, and certified reference materials are routinely analyzed samples, are removed. Upon removal from the sampler,the selected at method-specific frequencies to monitor precision and bias. brass tubes are either immediately trimmed and capped with Additional components of the laboratory Quality Assurance/Quality aluminum foil or'Teflon' sheets and plastic caps or the samples are Control program include: extruded from the tubes and sealed within other appropriate,cleaned sample containers. The samples are then hermetically sealed, 1. Participation in state and federal laboratory labeled, and refrigerated for delivery,under strict chain-of-custody,to accreditation/certification programs; the analytical laboratory. These procedures minimize the potential for cross-contamination and volatilization of volatile organic compounds 2. Participation in both U.S.EPA Performance Evaluation (VOC)prior to chemical analysis. studies(WS and WP studies)and inter-laboratory performance evaluation programs; One soil sample collected at each sampling interval is analyzed in the field using either a portable photoionization detector(PID), flame 3. Standard operating procedures describing routine and ionization detector,organic vapor analyzer,catalytic gas detector, or periodic instrument maintenance; an explosimeter. The purpose of this field analysis is to qualitatively determine the presence or absence of hydrocarbons, and the 4. 'Out-of-Control'/Corrective Action documentation samples to be analyzed at the laboratory. The soil sample is sealed procedures;and, in either brass tube,glass jar, or plastic bag to allow for some volatilization of VOC. The PID is then used to measure the 5. Multi-level review of naw data and client reports. concentrations of hydrocarbons within the containers's headspace. The data is recorded on both field notes and the boring logs at the SOP-6 depth corresponding to the sampling point. HOLLOW-STEM AUGER MONITORING WELL Other soil samples are collected to document the soil and/or INSTALLATION AND DEVELOPMENT stratigraphic profile beneath the project site, and estimate the relative Boreholes for monitoring wells are drilled using a truck-mounted, permeability of the subsurface materials. All drilling and sampling equipment are either steam cleaned or washed in solution and doubly hollow-stem auger drill rig. The borehole diameter will be a minimum rinsed in deionized water prior to use at each site and between of 4 inches larger than the outside diameter of the casing when boreholes to minimize the potential for cross-contamination. installing well screen. The hollow-stem auger provides minimal interruption of drilling while permitting soil sampling at desired In the event the soil samples cannot be submitted to the analytical intervals. Soil samples are collected by either hammering (with a 140- laboratory on the same day they are collected(e.g., due to weekends pound drop hammer)or hydraulically pushing a conventional split- or holidays),the samples are temporarily stored until the first barrel sampler containing pre-cleaned 2-inch-diameter brass tubes. A opportunity for submittal either on ice in a cooler, such as when in the geologist or engineer from Apex Envirotech,Inc.,continuously logs field,or in a refrigerator at Apex's office. each borehole during drilling and constantly checks drill cuttings for indications of both the first recognizable occurrence of groundwater SOP-3 and volatile hydrocarbons using either portable photoionization SOIL CLASSIFICATION detector,flame ionization detector,or an explosimeter. The sampler is rinsed between samples and either steam cleaned orwashed with all other drilling equipment between borings to minimize the potential Soil samples are classified according to the Unified Soil Classification for cross-contamination. System. Representative portions of the samples may be submitted, under strict chain-of-custody, to an analytical laboratory for further Monitoring wells are cased with threaded,factory-perforated and examination and verification of the in-field classification and analysis blank Schedule 40 PVC. The perforated interval consists of slotted of soil mechanical and/or petrophysical properties. The soil types are casing,generally with 0.020inch wide by 1.5-inch long slots,with 42 indicated on logs of either excavations or borings together with depths slots per foot. A PVC cap may be secured to the bottom of the corresponding to the sampling points and other pertinent information. casing with stainless steel screws;no solvents or cements are used. Centering devices may be fastened to the casing to ensure even SOP-4 distribution of filter material and grout within the borehole annulus. SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION AND CHAIN-OF- The well casing is thoroughly washed and/or steam cleaned, or may CUSTODY PROCEDURES be purchased as pre-cleaned, priorto installation. Sample identification and chain-of-custody procedures ensure sample After setting the casing inside the hollow-stem auger, sand or gravel integrity as well as document sample possession from the time of filter material is poured into the annular space to fill from boring collection to ultimate disposal. Each sample container submitted for bottom to generally 1 foot above the perforated interval. A 1-to 2- analysis is labeled to identify the job number, date,time of sample foot thick bentonite plug is set above this filter material to prevent collection,a sample number unique to the sample,any in-field grout from infiltrating the filter pack. Either neat cement,containing measurements made, sampling methodology, name(s)of on-site about 5 percent bentonite,orsand-cement grout is then tremmied personnel, and any other pertinent field observations also recorded into the annular space from the top of the bentonite plug to near on the field excavation or boring log. surface. A traffic-rated vault is installed around each wellhead for wells located in parking lots or driveways,while steel'stovepipes'are Chain-of-custody fortes are used to record possession of the sample usually set over wellheads in landscaped areas. from time of collection to arival at the laboratory. During shipment, the person with custody of the samples will relinquish them to the next After installation,the wells are thoroughly developed to remove Derson by sianina the chain-of-custociv form(s)and notina the date residual drilling materials from the wellbore,and to improve wall