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BioOvr - Page 4 <br /> for metabolic attack on a particular hydrocarbon are <br /> active, or even produced. <br /> A number of aerobic soil biodegradation protocols have been <br /> found to offer excellent degradation potentials for <br /> petroleum contaminated soils . These are: <br /> Forced Air Composting Windrowing <br /> Static pile Aeration Thin-spread Landfarming <br /> Forced air composting has been utilized during periods of <br /> inclement weather and under circumstances where space for <br /> treatment is limited. It involves the thorough mixing of <br /> contaminated soil with organic material . . .with certain <br /> forms of compost having proven to be superior bulking <br /> agents and sources of non-pathogenic hydrocarbon utilizing <br /> bacteria and fungi , as well as a supplier of nutrients , <br /> minerals , and moisture. The amended soil is then formed <br /> into large, quadrilateral beds through which slotted piping <br /> is placed. The piping is then connected to pumps that draw <br /> air through the beds in order to maintain adequate levels <br /> of oxygen within. Beds may also be covered to regulate <br /> temperature and protect against extreme weather conditions . <br /> Static pile aeration is similar to forced-air composting, <br /> except that no piping is placed within the treatment bed as <br /> periodic cooler temperatures create conditions favorable to <br /> the passive movement of air into the beds . This air then <br /> heated and moves upward as a result of biological activity, <br /> drawing cooloer, ambient air into the bed. <br /> Windrowing is a process that utilizes a specially modified <br /> soils mixing machine to construct three to five foot high <br /> beds of amended soil . The beds are turned periodically to <br /> maintain aerobic conditions and adjust soil particle size. <br /> With thin-spread landfarming, contaminated soil is spread <br /> thinly (usually to a depth of 9-12 inches) to permit <br /> passive aeration and make permit further mixing. <br /> In all cases, the treatment beds must be carefully <br /> monitored to ensure that appropriate soil conditions exist <br /> for the development and maintenance of high biomass. <br /> Direct readings , and uncertified/certified analyses are <br /> taken to determine rates of hydrocarbon degradation, soil <br /> moisture, pH, and nutrient levels . <br /> Final sampling for certified analyses is in accordance with <br /> regulatory agency guidelines with contaminants frequently <br /> reduced to below laboratory detection limits . <br />