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• • • SECTION 5 RESULTS • • 5.1.3 Groundwater Quality • The 2011 semiannual sampling event was performed March 4,2011,and the 2011 annual • sampling event was performed August 9 through August 11,2011.Details on sampling • methods are provided in Appendix C. Field parameters(temperature,electrical conductivity • [EC],pH,dissolved oxygen[DO] content,and oxidation-reduction[redox] potential)were measured before groundwater samples were collected for laboratory analyses.Historical • EC,pH,redox potential,DO content,and ammonia and nitrate concentrations are • summarized in Appendix B,Table B-1.The field parameter results recorded during the 2011 semiannual and annual sampling events were generally consistent with historical sampling • results.Field sampling and laboratory analytical data reports for the 2011 semiannual and • annual sampling events are included in Appendices C and D,respectively (provided electronically on compact disk). • • TABLE 5.1 • Historical Lateral and Vertical Hydraulic Gradients Koppel Stockton Terminal,Stockton,California • Shallow Lateral Deep Lateral Vertical Gradient Gradient Gradient • Quarter (ftlft) (tuft) Direction (ft/ft) Direction • First Quarter 2000 0.002 to 0.026 0.001 Southwest 0.050 to 0.088 Downward Second Quarter 2000 0.002 to 0.028 0.001 South-southeast 0.003 to 0.064 Downward • Third Quarter 2000 0.001 to 0.004 0.001 South-southeast 0.003 to 0.067 Downward • Fourth Quarter 2000 0.002 to 0.003 0.001 Southeast 0.009 to 0.042 Downward • First Quarter 2001 0.002 to 0.004 0.001 South-southeast 0.011 to 0.059 Downward Third Quarter 2001 0.001 to 0.006 0.001 South-southeast 0.008 to 0.065 Downward • First Quarter 2002 0.001 to 0.006 0.001 South-southeast 0.014 to 0.061 Downward • Third Quarter 2002 0.002 to 0.004 0.001 South-southeast 0.005 to 0.057 Downward • First Quarter 2003 0.001 to 0.007 0.001 South-southeast 0.020 to 0.068 Downward Third Quarter 2003 0.001 to 0.003 0.001 South-southeast 0.014 to 0.051 Downward • First Quarter 2004 0.001 to 0.008 0.001 South-southeast 0.052 to 0.087 Downward • Third Quarter 2004 0.001 to 0.003 0.001 South-southeast 0.024 to 0.055 Downward • Third Quarter 2005 0.001 to 0.005 0.001 South-southeast 0.031 to 0.059 Downward Third Quarter 2006 0.002 to 0.004 0.001 South-southeast 0.006 to 0.066 Downward • First Quarter 2007 0.001 to 0.004 0.001 South-southeast 0.004 to 0.073 Downward • Third Quarter 2007 0.001 to 0.003 0.001 South-southeast 0.001 to 0.057 Downward • Third Quarter 2008 0.001 to 0.003 0.001 South-southeast 0.001 to 0.062 Downward • Third Quarter 2009 0.0001 to 0.004 0.001 South-southeast 0.007 to 0.055 Downward Fourth Quarter 2010 0.002 to 0.004 0.001 South-southeast 0.012 to 0.042 Downward • First Quarter 2011 0.0003 to 0.007 0.001 South-southeast 0.003 to 0.055 Downward • Third Quarter 2011 0.001 to 0.003 0.00002 South-southeast 0.021 to 0.027 Upward • Temperature and pH The temperature of groundwater ranged from 16.8 to 19.7 degrees Celsius during the 2011 • semiannual and annual sampling events;these temperatures are within historical ranges of groundwater temperatures at the site.The pH of groundwater at the site is generally • • 5-2 RDD1112370001(CAH5003.DOCx) • ESOU51INNURDD • • •