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<br /> 94-It A I I SA Oh
<br /> Ill(lie initial stages of Icmcthatiun,lotal petrulcuru hydr+x-arbrin 11141)claxeulaltiuns in the eatrucled .,
<br /> snit vallru exceeded 2.5(M)ppin 'tile initial'f I'll c+mcenualiuns declined lu the current 1 PIF cum:enuaiiuns
<br /> U 'filo rentuvul ells.icltcies fur solea led ct+nlptulwls tilnlwn in Lthk III were al-t++rup:urJ with the
<br /> Ural vary Iran till)it) ppm,with all average id 24M)lipid. Carhim diurtde and oxygen couccndratiuns in file
<br /> soil vap,r are appwxhmlrfy 11.171•end NfM%,lespectivcly. respeclive%uluhihily ctiefliciruls 'I he GRrclaluill is evaluated 111 dournitne the refalimrship of ollubiliry and
<br /> rcmnval elficierxy in the hi++filtcr. figure 4 plcsenl%Ute nlncfathill helwcrn rcruuval cllicinuy of.ukcrcd
<br /> 1 111(evaluation of Ole pilut scale hioliller is hastd I'll I I i the reuurval el frciency of VINs(mCtltured VIN'%and(herr ullubitilies.
<br /> as 1'PI I)and(2)the letuorl clliciency tit selected organic crmlplumis lound ill gasoline, Ily analyzing
<br /> CMICCOUaliOUS til the chemie.d enfnpounds at the inllueut and eflluenl,reuarval efficiolxics acnes%the biulilter 11jSUtISS1oN OF RESULTS
<br /> can he dtlemrine(. Tedlar hags were used fu sarnple the influent mid effluent. A phuluiunicaliun dcleclur figure 2 indicates the%ready-orale retuuval cffrciellcy of Vhf's in Idle hiufihcr during C n dilinrt C
<br /> (PID)was used Ile nlonuor the iullucut and elfhuounl ter Jewrnune removal efficiency trends. California 1.1.1f1 � (icnerally,Ole hutfrllr•r feluovat efficiency varied fhnwighrlut the rm,niluring period. 'flee average rcnllf9:d
<br /> Modified MrUu,d 410A is u%cd fn analyrc selected inlluenl and cillucrol samples to cunfrnn 1111)results. 11,S. efficiency during 0niklttilwl C will;74%Willi a nlaximtiur mW minimum of 72%and 457•ropeclively. 'I loose
<br /> ITA Meduxl It)-14 using f il'1M5 lull scan was used w ideul'ily and yumltify selcocd urgaeic c•henlicats that Bala include prrind%when the Nofiller media but icmpefalures were low due lu Ute hunudiher waler healer
<br /> we found in gasldt11c Ixec'l'ahle 11 mal(urrcliun. Hvalualtng the bmGller during pemuds wltn the media bed temperature was uperalmg at design,
<br /> i.e,90-Mi degrees f,the rcumval efficiency of VIN'varied Ittween 73%mrd 92`h,Willi all avcragc of R 11,
<br /> RESULTS Since hill lFical acfi+rily is ell t.Ay related h)Icmperalure,etevlded bed icmparahlns should resull in highrl
<br /> timer Mart up.the hinfitter has heeit evadualcd I'ur three nmditions of varying inlluenl V(M.' Pe
<br /> reeurval cfficrnicict. fart!tem tuners aver gl f and die enrrehalnu with VC N'fa'nluv;ll efficiency were nor
<br /> cenc'ralrali lm: highAirvel VC N'hoarding title(I'11uditi tit A).mid-levtl VIII'heading rate ll-uudilinn A1,and evaluated to Ciindilitm C.
<br /> h,w-lrvc)VOC loading rale If condhion I'1 Resulls from high level and Iliad-level VIM'In oiling rales arC +
<br /> rclxined efscwhcres Results Irnm Umidltiun t'have 11111 been teptvled previously. Tahle 11 provides a Figure 3 indir:•tees the currclalion between removal efficiency of selected V(X's and their vapor
<br /> cuutp;ucso+n:uuoug 1'ondllions A,It aull C til tenses of the avtlucul V4 H'Itsullug presturet. 'lbesr data indicate Ihat c11urptunds wilh Inwer vapor ptetsnres;1re fennlVC(I at higher rates than
<br /> comptwnds with higher vapor pres%ures. Ilii%empirical infnnnalfon may irldicale.that%coli-vulatilc
<br /> 'tile biofiller was o VialM Itylwccu talc NovcmF+cl PNI and January 1994 to OnAiliun C. I tnnug Illi% c'onrpwnds may have higher removal eff+cienrie%coruparcd ho Name volatile compounds. 'the adsnrplivt
<br /> [triol(,fluty rates were elm ulained at appro;inuarcly 5 cuhtc feel per minute I01111 will a range ire Vi N's of parntial fire semi-volatile coniplumks is gem:rlly higher thall vulalife cunrpeund%and this may caplain the
<br /> 150 to 250 pans per million las hepculel Will,the cxceplun,111 Iwo period,,biatifter bed tenoperatures were I cnrrelariorn sieown on higtirc A. llawever.Ihere Ircly Ile stole c(envef%i4wr of the%elul-V11larilr con+plunds roil,
<br /> nlaiaVtired between X0 and 81 degrees 1'by wannulg the res irculaliun water in file huluiJdying vessel. amore vulatile rompurrruls within We Muffller,Cg 13,5-uinlclhyllx llzcne I.,Itn7elte, 11 preunl,Ills cnnvelshm
<br /> lnllueul and effluent rumples were(4dlected doling Uus lint arid mulinely analyrr(using;t I'll). Mese I'll) of semi-volatile ctimp,und%Ito wilaitle ntinpwtnds would lead to lower dw reported remuvai rl'Iiciclxies lily
<br /> resuhs were used In delcnuine relative Cunn•nlraliuns of VOU%of the inlluvu mud et0ucul fur dclomltuatiun+rfthe mtore valatike cownponmfs Cimilimtatinn of thsit
<br /> e uwlvefwl of semi-vol;stile cmup+unds into n
<br /> oore vol,ulle
<br /> VIN'removal efficiency acnes the bulfdter.VW N'renmval eflicie icy(luring Cnlrdtlinn f-;tic%huwn no ( curnprwnrlc was hrylwnl the sa+epe of lhr%pilo(sludy.
<br /> Figure 2. -
<br /> figure 4 inolicadrt the corrOaluwl IMWecn rruloval efficiency of 6eleclell V(l(•%alirl their m4tibllllles.
<br /> As disau%sed plevtnusly,CARII Mednotl 410A Mid I'll)au;dystt were Ixrfionued ou auunp;miort aur I at indicated to Table d. In general,this correlatwit iudxulcs Thal 1IILFC%ing dx.n+lcal suluhlhly i%pngvnlutnal
<br /> samples rullecred;1t the onllucnl and clllucnt of the hi.diitcr, CARII Medl.xl 410A sankpling wa%used Io Io increxsing rerrwwal efficiency. The excoepium lu this re)adku%luto was the ruuoval elficicnc'y of dutlecane
<br /> COFICIAIC results Inml the less pfechy Pill insuunlenl The;rverlge resulL1 fr+xn rullucnl samples Iron CARD Iholkeanc his a very low uduhtlity ctanpared Willi the collier etwrlplundi hill had high IcnnuVal efficlency
<br /> McOuld 4MA and I'll l wcec 250 ppin wit(20 ppm.reslwciively llle average resull%Irulu cfflucul sample% (97761- It is impwitaril 111 none that the stduhifity haulers listed refer to the ulaxinlum anulimt of the chemical
<br /> from CARR Meikoci 410A and I'll)were 7M and 12 pprn,respcctively By cuufimung 1'111 re%uhs with('arh that will dkm,lve in lure water.Conditions ul dile hinfdter media may influence lflele%Ulublhly lxhlrs
<br /> Methixl 410A,the more cost-ellecuve I'll)s;u ipling was used It,uuniid(Ir the hwldlef mtlucul and ctllucW so Ih:lt winal srduh0hy is significantly different frrwrl the lbeiKelitil")Iuhilidy factur%.
<br /> V(W concemlaeinus.
<br /> U 1NCIAISiONS
<br /> Since ga%„litre consist%iof a wi&,range til pundtaml di%lillalc Cconlpiund%,:wldilit+nal%aruples were khe resells from IIK opertdion of tlw hu11frllcr Omw Itnd rrlutival cl Gcit:11cics liver gn's ;ere uahicv:ddc
<br /> rallccled at the hinlihcr influent and clflucal aur SUCU1115. IYlcsc grab samples were 41raly7ed by FFA hleth+xf during steady-slatr amdituna Red tcmpciaune is an impmaot operaling p ijamclet shxc a tivOilly in hid
<br /> 111-14 fur Several ulgatlic crlulplund6 tisk(to table I ]lie putp,se.4 this wll;lly%❑wars it.111 deicnnhle the teluperaturcs it 1`+1110Wel by a(IMMIc in V(N'renlrtval efficiency Me resuhs also show high Tome(
<br /> renruval clliciency of Ills Milliner for spl'alfic gasodlnr�rchllcd ChetillC:llb mod 121 deic•rinille a1111'Clati-I% - elticiency 1 111176)flet several pclr11leelrl aIWI1111a15 Iluu me PFMIll in gasolut. In ryulicul:n.guvdim dclived
<br /> tttwu+n the tkuloiafs t,hysicul properties and renn,Vat ellrncnry across(hc hi,rlillcl Il r+1na4M1i011%are {{ chemicals that have rclalivcly 10w vapolr pres%ures ac shown du have[INC highest Irmuval cfl'iair•hcy,a%
<br /> CSCIbhshell he1WCCll rhe chcnric:ds'physical plop•rnes Mill Illy hlotiller IclOuvwl C16ticucy.Ihcu Ihcu f cunrpared hl clnnpouads Willi high vapor pressurrs I`ur the pedndeuart chcu+traks invr%ligaxJ,hlgh%ldubihry
<br /> cunelalious uJI he u%clul ler predicting Ihr hiohlten success un ulhu related ehcnlical% eltlficitnls correlate geuerldly with higher fornt,val clliciency with the evn•puml of%Mike umlp nlnds
<br /> l he resuh%loom an:Jyus til inlluenl:old cllhicnl;sir s;unplc%and hiolillrl ICIINrvl11 clhncncy arc
<br /> shuwu til ]able[It Aualy%i.%by I':PA Methitod 14)14 yichied results tmin Irl ill the 22 cr,mrknmds shown tit
<br /> 'fable I Since snuic c'uulpoumis(e g.uaphftlICHe)are%CUIO�VIINOIC Ili IWnne LVA 10-14 analysis Was Illtl s
<br /> pissihlr. I igme 3 presculs Uti-clnrclalion Ix:iKcul lclpuval clinicucy and vapn pre%sure til the coulpwud
<br /> l he pnrp,sc of Figure 1 i%Io deirnluue a eonelatit a Itlarccu InOollet removal cllieecncy Auld valva prc%surc
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