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of this range (e .g. , between 400 ppm and 2000 ppm) , emphasis <br /> should be placed on reducing exposures through interim controls <br /> at those areas expected or intended to be used by children. if� ...�.. <br /> the area is not frequented by children, these exposure reduction <br /> activities may be less rigorous . Where bare-soil lead levels are <br /> found to be 2000 parts per million or more, interim controls <br /> should be implemented even if the area is not frequented by <br /> children . <br /> Increasingly aggressive exposure-reduction activities are <br /> warranted at higher soil lead levels, with very high levels <br /> indicating that soil abatement may be necessary. For purposes of <br /> prioritizing abatements, the Agency recommends soil abatement <br /> when lead levels are found at 5000 parts per million or more in <br /> residential bare soil . Appropriate activities at this level of <br /> lead concentration may include removal and replacement of the <br /> soil , the use of more permanent covers (e.g. , paving) , or other <br /> activities . Of course, state and local agencies should consider <br /> any other factors that affect the actual risks and benefits of <br /> abatement when determining whether abatements maybe necessary at <br /> lower levels, including, for example, prevalence of elevated <br /> blood lead levels in children. <br /> The Agency is suggesting 50r ., ppm for this higher level <br /> because of the need to prioritize the types of activities that <br /> can often be resource intensive . Factors considered in the <br /> choice of this level include the risk reduction that may be <br /> achieved by different measures and the resources needed to reduce <br /> those risks . Consequently, this level is designed to indicate <br /> where there is a relatively highe-- certainty that abatement or <br /> other extreme activities would be appropriate from a risk <br /> reduction and resource prioritization perspective . Based upon <br /> estimates of residential soil lead distributions (from HUD, <br /> 1990 ) , 5000 ppm would target the soil at an estimated 1/211 of <br /> U. S . homes . <br /> Because of the likelihood that lead-contaminated soil will <br /> have previously contributed lead to interior dust , specialized <br /> cleaning is recommended for the interior of residences to meet <br /> dust clearance levels after soil abatement or interim control <br /> activities have been conducted. <br /> The Agency' s recommendations for residential lead- <br /> contaminated soil are summarized in Table I . <br /> 12 <br />