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(b)Where experience indicates a reasonable potential for equipment failure(such as loading or unloading equipment,
<br /> tank overflow, rupture, or leakage, or any other equipment known to be a source of a discharge), include in your Plan a
<br /> prediction of the direction, rate of flow, and total quantity of oil which could be discharged from the facility as a result of
<br /> each type of major equipment failure.
<br /> (c)Provide appropriate containment and/or diversionary structures or equipment to prevent a discharge as described in
<br /> §112.1(b), except as provided in paragraph (k)of this section for qualified oil-filled operational equipment, and except
<br /> as provided in§112.9(d)(3)for flowlines and intra-facility gathering lines at an oil production facility. The entire
<br /> containment system, including walls and floor, must be capable of containing oil and must be constructed so that any
<br /> discharge from a primary containment system, such as a tank,will not escape the containment system before cleanup
<br /> occurs. In determining the method, design, and capacity for secondary containment,you need only to address the
<br /> typical failure mode, and the most likely quantity of oil that would be discharged. Secondary containment may be either
<br /> active or passive in design.At a minimum, you must use one of the following prevention systems or its equivalent:
<br /> (1) For onshore facilities:
<br /> (i)Dikes, berms, or retaining walls sufficiently impervious to contain oil;
<br /> (ii)Curbing or drip pans;
<br /> (iii)Sumps and collection systems;
<br /> (iv)Culverting, gutters, or other drainage systems;
<br /> (v)Weirs, booms, or other barriers;
<br /> (vi)Spill diversion ponds;
<br /> (vii) Retention ponds; or
<br /> (viii)Sorbent materials.
<br /> (2) For offshore facilities:
<br /> (i)Curbing or drip pans; or
<br /> (ii)Sumps and collection systems.
<br /> (d) Provided your Plan is certified by a licensed Professional Engineer under§112.3(d), or, in the case of a qualified
<br /> facility that meets the criteria in§112.3(g), the relevant sections of your Plan are certified by a licensed Professional
<br /> Engineer under§112.6(d), if you determine that the installation of any of the structures or pieces of equipment listed in
<br /> paragraphs(c)and (h)(1)of this section, and §§112.8(c)(2), 112.8(c)(11), 112.9(c)(2), 112.10(c), 112.12(c)(2), and
<br /> 112.12(c)(11)to prevent a discharge as described in§112.1(b)from any onshore or offshore facility is not practicable,
<br /> you must clearly explain in your Plan why such measures are not practicable;for bulk storage containers, conduct both
<br /> periodic integrity testing of the containers and periodic integrity and leak testing of the valves and piping; and, unless
<br /> you have submitted a response plan under§112.20, provide in your Plan the following:
<br /> (1)An oil spill contingency plan following the provisions of part 109 of this chapter.
<br /> (2)A written commitment of manpower, equipment, and materials required to expeditiously control and remove any
<br /> quantity of oil discharged that may be harmful.
<br /> (e)Inspections, tests, and records. Conduct inspections and tests required by this part in accordance with written
<br /> procedures that you or the certifying engineer develop for the facility.You must keep these written procedures and a
<br /> record of the inspections and tests, signed by the appropriate supervisor or inspector,with the SPCC Plan for a period
<br /> of three years. Records of inspections and tests kept under usual and customary business practices will suffice for
<br /> purposes of this paragraph.
<br /> (f)Personnel, training, and discharge prevention procedures. (1)At a minimum, train your oil-handling personnel in the
<br /> operation and maintenance of equipment to prevent discharges; discharge procedure protocols; applicable pollution
<br /> control laws, rules, and regulations; general facility operations; and,the contents of the facility SPCC Plan.
<br /> (2) Designate a person at each applicable facility who is accountable for discharge prevention and who reports to
<br /> facility management.
<br /> (3)Schedule and conduct discharge prevention briefings for your oil-handling personnel at least once a year to assure
<br /> adequate understanding of the SPCC Plan for that facility. Such briefings must highlight and describe known
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