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Work Plan Ranch Market Page 6 of 7 • CHEMICAL HAZARDS The hazardous chemicals that may be encountered at the site are petroleum hydrocarbons,including benzene and xylene. A summary of relevant chemical physical and toxicological properties for each chemical hazard is listed below. nz n Benzene is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. It is a relatively volatile chemical(vapor pressure=75 mm Hg AT 68°F)that may possibly be present in soils in both the liquid or vapor form. The flash point of benzene is only 12°F, thereby classifying it as a flammable liquid. Benzene is recognized by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health as a potential human carcinogen. Benzene can enter the body through all four routes of exposure: 1. Inhalation 2. Absorption 3. Ingestion 4. Injection Target organs are the blood,internal nervous system,skin,bone marrow,eyes and respiratory system. Acute exposure effects includes irritation of the eyes,nose and respiratory system as well as headache,nausea,staggered gait,depression and abdominal pain The chronic effects of over exposure is the potential for cancer. The TWA for benzene is 0.1 ppm and the STEL is 1.0. Toluene Toluene is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. It is less volatile than benzene(vapor pressure=22 mm Hg at 68° • F)and may be present in both the liquid and vapor state. The flash point of toluene is 40°F,classifying it as a flammable liquid. Toluene can enter the body through all four routes of exposure: 1. Inhalation 2. Absorption 3. Ingestion 4. Injection Target organs are the central nervous system,liver,kidneys and skin. Acute exposure effects include fatigue,dizziness, headache,euphoria,dilated pupils and paralysis. The PEL for toluene is 200 ppm. Ethyl Benzene Ethyl benzene is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. It has relatively low volatility(vapor pressure=7.1 mm Hg at 68°F) and may possible be present in both the liquid and vapor state. The flash point of ethyl benzene is 59° F, classifying it as a flammable liquid. Ethyl benzene can enter the body through all tour routes of exposure: 1. Inhalation 2. Absorption 3. Ingestion 4. Injection Target organs are the eyes,upper respiratory system,skin and central nervous system. Acute exposure effects include irritation of the eyes and mucous membranes,nose,respiratory system, headache,nausea, staggered gait,dcnnatitis, narcosis and coma. The PEL for ethyl benzene is 100 ppm. Xylene Xylene is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. It is generally found as a mixture of three isomers;orth-,meta-,and • para-xylene. Xylene has a relatively low volatility(vapor pressure-8 mm Hg at 68°F)and will likely be present in soils in both the liquid and vapor form. The flash point of xylene is 81'F,classifying it as a flammable liquid.