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r � Site Safety and Health Plan ±19.41 Acres Vacant Land ■ Manteca, California 1 rerracon June 12, 2017 ■Terracon Project No. N6177049 roadway. All borings or partially completed groundwater monitoring wells will be adequately covered and/or barricaded if left unattended for any period of time. • Confined Spaces—No work will be conducted within confined spaces without discussion with the Corporate Safety and Health Manager and development of a confined space safety plan and permit. 7.4 Biological Hazards Biological hazards may include ticks,fleas, mosquitoes, wasps, spiders or other pests; poisonous plants (poison ivy, poison oak); snakes; thorny bushes and trees; and medical waste. West Nile virus is primarily spread through the bite of an infected mosquito (usually a Culex species). Mosquitoes pick up the virus when they feed on infected birds. The virus must then circulate in the mosquito for a few days before they are capable of transmitting the infection to animals or humans while biting. The virus is found in the salivary gland of the mosquito. During feeding, the virus may be injected into a human or animal where it may multiply and possibly cause disease. Most persons who are infected with West Nile virus will have no noticeable symptoms, or have an illness syndrome called "West Nile Fever" lasting 2-10 days. Common symptoms of West Nile Fever include headache, fever, and extreme muscle weakness, occasionally accompanied by vomiting or skin rashes. In some cases, West Nile virus infection will cause severe neurologic disease such as meningitis, paralysis, or encephalitis (swelling and inflammation of the brain). Symptoms of West Nile meningitis or encephalitis may be intense headache, dizziness, stiff neck, marked weakness, muscle tremors, disorientation, mental confusion, or convulsions. Workers should protect themselves from mosquito bites by applying insect repellent to exposed skin. Generally, the more active ingredient a repellent contains, the longer it can protect from mosquito bites. A higher percentage of active ingredient in a repellent does not mean that protection is better just that it will last longer. Choose a repellent that provides protection for the amount of time that you will be outdoors. Repellents may irritate the eyes and mouth. Whenever an insecticide or insect repellent is used, workers must read and follow the manufacturer's DIRECTIONS FOR USE, as printed on the product. Insect repellent containing diethyltoluamide (DEET)can be sprayed on skin or clothing to provide protection from mosquitoes. A repellent containing permethrin can also be sprayed on clothing. Repellents containing permethrin should not be applied directly to exposed skin. Workers should wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants whenever outdoors. Workers should consider staying indoors at dawn, dusk, and in the early evening, which are peak mosquito biting times. Note: Vitamin B and "ultrasonic" devices are NOT effective in preventing mosquito bites. 10