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ChemRisk®, the human health and environmental risk assessment division of McLaren/Hart <br /> Environmental Engineering, has performed this risk assessment ChemRiske has performed <br /> hundreds of quantitative risk assessments and made recommendations regarding potential <br /> exposures and site remediation The staff performing this assessment includes toxicologists, <br /> public health professionals, and environmental engineers experienced in sites containing <br /> petroleum hydrocarbons This risk assessment incorporates the experience in toxicology, <br /> environmental fate and transport modeling, and assessment of exposure to petroleum <br /> hydrocarbons gained in previous work. <br /> The remainder of this Introduction consists of three subsections The first subsection <br /> provides information on the risk assessment process and the second subsection describes the <br /> LUFT evaluation The third subsection describes the organization of this report <br /> 1.1 Background on Risk Assessment <br /> The components of risk assessment can be summarized in one equation <br /> Hazard x Exposure = Rask <br /> Hazard is a measure of the toxicity of the chemical and exposure is a measure of the dose <br /> being received by the receptors Risk is a measure of the probability that an adverse effect <br /> will occur The steps of formal risk assessment outlined in the following sections comprise <br /> a methodology which applies this equation to a variety of situations <br /> Many risk assessments do not evaluate in detail the information which is used to quantify <br /> the hazard and exposure components for the above risk equation Risk assessments must <br /> examine the various assumptions used in estimating toxicity and exposure and determine not <br /> only their validity but their applicability to the case being studied Instead of performing <br /> an evaluation of assumptions, many assessments rely solely on conservative estimates of <br /> toxicity and exposure If the error in the accuracy of those estimates is large, then the <br /> products of those errors can lead to an even greater inaccuracy in the estimation of risk <br /> The risk assessment must have the goal of being protective of the public health yet accurate <br /> without being unnecessarily conservative. <br /> C YOMimANTAFE FNL\im&W 2693 1-2 ChmnRnks 1993 <br />