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D. HAZARD EVALUATION
<br /> Potential chemical hazards include skin and eye contact or inhalation exposure to potentially toxic
<br /> concentrations of hydrogenated volatiles. The potential toxic compounds that may exist at the site
<br /> are listed below with descriptions of specific health effects of each. The list includes the primary
<br /> potential toxic constituents that may be found at sites which previously handled petroleum
<br /> hydrocarbons,including home heating diesel fuel.
<br /> 1) Benzene*—CAS#71-43-2 (Medium Volatility)
<br /> a) Colorless to light yellow,flammable liquid with an aromatic odor.
<br /> b) Routes of exposure:inhalation,skin adsorption,ingestion and skin and/or eye contact.
<br /> c) Exposure may irritate the skin,eyes,nose,and respiratory system,giddiness,headache,nausea,fatigue,anorexia,lassitude
<br /> (weakness or exhaustion),and dermatitis
<br /> d) Target organs:eyes,skin,respiratory system,blood,CNS,and bone marrow(leukemia)
<br /> e) Benzene cause cancer(leukemia and probably other kinds)in humans and is easily absorbed through skin
<br /> 0 OSHA PEL for a TWA over an 8-hour period is 1 ppm in air
<br /> g) OSHA ceiling limit for any 15-minute period is 5 ppm(skin)
<br /> h) NIOSH REL for a TWA over a 10-hour period is 0.1 ppm
<br /> i) IDLH concentration is 500 ppm
<br /> j) LEL= 1.4% UEL=7.6% BP= 102°F VP=38—300 mm Hg IP=9.24 eV
<br /> 2) Toluene—CAS#108-88-3 (Medium Volatility)
<br /> a) Colorless liquid with sweet,pungent,benzene-like odor. Moderately toxic
<br /> b) Routes of exposure:inhalation,skin adsorption,ingestion,and skin and/or eye contact.
<br /> c) Exposure may cause fatigue,weakness,confusion,euphoria,dizziness,headaches,dilated pupils,lacrimation(discharge of
<br /> tears), nervousness, insomnia, paresthesia, dilated pupils, muscle fatigue, insomnia, dermatitis, and liver and kidney
<br /> damage
<br /> d) Target organs:eyes,skin,respiratory system,CNS,liver,kidneys
<br /> e) OSHA PEL for a TWA over an 8-how period is 200 ppm
<br /> 0 OSHA ceiling limit for any 15-minute period is 300 ppm and 500 ppm for any 10-minute maximum peak
<br /> g) The Cal/OSHA PEL for a TWA over an 8-hour period is 50 ppm and the STEL for any 15-minute period is 150 ppm
<br /> h) NIOSH REL for a TWA over a 10-hour period is 100 ppm and the STEL for any 15-minute period is 150 ppm
<br /> i) IDLH concentration is 500 ppm
<br /> j) LEL=1.1 % UEL=7.1% BP=232°F VP=21 mm Hg IP=8.82 eV
<br /> 3) Ethylbenzene*—CAS#100-41-4 (Low Volatility)
<br /> a) Colorless liquid with an aromatic odor
<br /> b) Routes of exposure:inhalation,ingestion,and skin and/or eye contact.
<br /> c) Exposure may irritate eyes and mucous membrane and may cause headaches,dermatitis,narcosis and loss of consciousness
<br /> and/or coma and ethylbenzne is carcinogenic
<br /> d) Target organs:eyes,skin,respiratory system,CNS
<br /> e) OSHA and Cal/OSHA PEL for a TWA over an 8-hour period is 100 ppm
<br /> 0 The Cal/OSHA STEL for any 15-minure period is 125 ppm
<br /> g) The NIOSH REL for a TWA over a I0-hour period is 100 ppm and the STEL for any 15-minute period is 125 ppm
<br /> h) IDLH concentration is 800 ppm[10%of LEL]
<br /> i) LEL=0.8% UEL=6.7% BP=102°F VP=7 mm Hg IP=8.76 eV
<br /> 4) o-Xylene,m-Xylene,or n-Xylene—CAS#s 95-47-6,10-38-3, 106-42-3 (Low Volatility)
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