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Image 2 <br /> ..� HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION AND RISK ANALYSIS <br /> ' petrol turn Ccantami na_ted Water and Soi 15 <br /> l - - t s pose health <br /> ?trL1wil -yCrs:ar7o" � cZtits C7rat7t <br /> twomajorc1fzo ,ty0�. explosivityand <br /> hazards in flammability 04 gasoline is comm <br /> only <br /> t .c= extreme <br /> asoline vapor is <br /> known. The 1 ower ex p'l osi on 1 i mi t (LEL) of 9 <br /> r.. nceritrat.ion 1 , 3 percent in air. if the CO per•• c�million)asoline vandr <br /> percentin air" exceeds 1 . 3. percent ( 13,000 Pa <br /> p <br /> suffinjent quantities of oxygen are present , then the <br /> introduction of sufficient heat , spark: , or +lame will result <br /> in an e,,p 1 os i on. <br /> Prior ,conducting any subsurface excavation in the vicinity <br /> Of a fuel tank , the tank: should t'se emptied of all liquid <br /> pr-c.��-'LFcL and receive sufficient yuantiti.es of dry ice (frozen <br /> carbon dioxide) so that available Oxygen is displaced from <br /> '1..he 'E:.ank: atmosphere. <br /> A lesser known health ha yard resulting from exposure to <br /> { i:�sul inrw i= toxicity- Overe::po-�ur'e to petroleum hydrocarbon <br /> +... <br /> vapor n till cause depression of the central nervous system. <br /> inhalation of high concentrations of gasoline <br /> cause <br /> Repeated or <br /> chemical pneum6ni�� and/ or pulmonary edema- I <br /> prolonged skin en posure to gasoline or gasoline contaminated <br /> materials can cause {:ermat.itis or even blistering of the <br /> skin. <br /> Several common constituents of gasoline have been shown to <br /> c%1Llvr= serious health problems resulting from relatively minor <br /> Lo ,_=; I�;.ssc.ir�. : include heyi`i!ene, toluene, meta, para, and Ortho <br /> y-:r.c�nes, ethyl benzi••-�nty and tetraethyllead. <br /> (Ery weight) of theme constituents <br /> onst tei <br /> n <br /> Typical Percentages - 0« 12-3. 50r , toluene 2. 73-21 - 90%, <br /> gasolineare: b nz n = <br /> Wet; Ny1 : ne - 1 . 77- 7. 07%, pare xylene -0. 77-1 . 58%, ortho <br /> xylene - 0. 68-2. 66% , and ehtyx benzene -0. 36-2. 36%, Typic <br /> a l <br /> it <br /> pe:iri_+:=.•rrtage of te1:.rae":.;'ryl lead is not available. <br /> 4to hazardous <br /> r�=:< C)y L.{r e�� <br /> Units used �:.r'S i:lt?'>i':Y"lit? occupational <br /> 1r 4. b,tancas include: #+%{1=1C.it°ure limit , also known as the <br /> "threshold limit value (TLV) , ceiling limit , and the <br /> i::onci�ntra i.Con lcavi•=l that is " Immediately dangerous to life <br /> and ;-,i:al.th" ( IDLH) . the exposure limit defines the maximum <br /> concentration of a substance to which one can be exposed <br /> f:c_cr:i "g an p hour period w:GthGLAt Suffering significant health <br /> of f ec:ts. Thai.• ceiling limit i s th'ie concentration level that <br /> cannot �_ �. exceeded ay t i Pa' -; :i , c . , a suitable respirator <br /> .i a..f.: airy <br /> inus <br /> t be worn i f concentration values reach the ceiling limit, <br /> it <br />