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25 September 2012 AGE Project No. 12-2193 Page 4 of 15 Depending on the ambient conditions and the work being performed, heat stress can occur very rapidly, within as little as 15 minutes. Site personnel will be instructed in the identification of a heat stress victim, the first-aid treatment procedures for the victim and the prevention of heat stress casualties. Heat Exhaustion Symptoms: Usually begins with muscular weakness, dizziness, nausea, and a staggering gait. Vomiting is frequent. The bowels may move involuntarily. The victim is very pale, with clammy skin, and he or she may perspire profusely. The pulse is weak and fast, breathing is shallow. He or she may faint unless they lie down. First Aid: Immediately remove the victim from the work area to a shady or cool area with good air circulation (avoid drafts or sudden chilling). Remove all protective outerwear. Call a physician. Treat the victim for shock. (Make the victim lie down, raise his or her feet 6-12 inches and keep him or her warm but loosen all clothing). If the victim is conscious, it may be helpful to give him or her sips of water. Transport victim to a medical facility as soon as possible. Heat Stroke Symptoms: This is the most serous of heat casualties due to the fact that the body excessively overheats, body temperatures often rise to between 105°-1100. As the victim progresses toward heat stroke, symptoms such as headache, dizziness, nausea, oppression, can be noted, and the skin is observed to be dry, red, and hot. Sudden collapse and loss of consciousness follows quickly and death is imminent if exposure continues. The attack will usually occur suddenly. First Aid: Immediately evacuate the victim to a cool and shady area. Remove all protective outerwear and all personal clothing. Lay the victim on his or her back with the head and shoulders slightly elevated. Apply cold wet towels, ice bags, etc. to the head, armpits, and thighs. Sponge off the bare skin with cool water or rubbing alcohol, if available, or even place the victim in a tub of cool water. The main objective is to cool without chilling the victim. Give no stimulants or hot drinks. Since heat stroke is a severe medical condition requiring professional medical attention, emergency medical help should be summoned immediately to provide onsite treatment of the victim and proper transport to a medical facility. Heat Rash Advanced GeoEnvironmental, Inc.