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r ?AMONA SERIES 3AN JOAQUIN SERIES ' k ils of the Ramona series occupy valley The San Joaquin soils are strongly developed s, lower terraces, or old alluvial fans. hard-can soils (Profile Groun V) and are derived i are moderately developed, secondary soils from old alluvial deposits now occurring as ,anitic origin (Profile Group III) , neutral terraces. They are composed largely of materi- .ightly acid I- reaction, and brown in al of zranitic origin. The term "red iron- These soils are related to the Hanford 'hardpan land" is commonly used to describe ;reenfield soils, but are redder in color, these soils. The soil is brownish-red, acid acid in reaction, and have much more fully in reaction, and usually light to medium- loped profile. Two types have been mapped, textured. Loam and sandy loam types are recog- f sandy loam, and a shallow phase of the nized in this area. Y loam. f_ Profile (Ramona sandy loam) I. Profile (San Joaquin sandy loam) 1. To a depth of about 9 inches, the 1. To depths of about 6 to 8 inches, soil is reddish-brown, friable, Ramona sandy loam is brown, granu- easily penetrated by roots and water, ' lar, and about neutral in reaction. but bakes hard when dry. The pH is about 5.4. 2. The upper subsoil Is slightly redder than the surface, faintly cloddy, ar 2. From about 9 to 18 inches, the soil contains slightly more clay. is redder and heavier-textured. 3. At depths of 24 to 30 inches, the 3. At 18 to 24 inches, there is a com- soil becomes reddish, more compact pact clay with suggestion of a pris- and has developed a faintly prismata matic structure. structure. 4. The clay layer rests abruptly, at 4. At depths of 36 to 72 inches, the about 30 inches, on a yellowish- j lower subsoil is more friable and brown, iron-cemented hardpan. The F may contain a little lime. surface of this layer is very hard kk and it may vary in thickness from 6 C. Variations: Included with this soil, a few inches to 18 inches or more. as mapped in San Joaquin County, may be Sometimes the hardpan contains a some with a more dense subsoil than is little lime. typical of the series. This inclusion more nearly resembles soils of the 5. Below the hardpan the material be- Placentia series. There are also some comes friable and stratified. areas in which the soil rests on a sub- stratum of material similar to that II. Variations: There is some variation from which the Whitney soils are derive in color of the surface soil. U. Topography: Smooth to gently sloping. III. Topography: This soil occupies gently sloping terraces with distinct hog- M Drainage: Drainage is normally good. wallow microrelief. V. Native vegetation: Grass and scattered IV. Drainage and erosion: After having oaks. saturated the topsoil to the clay layer, water will stand on the surface until VI. Utilization: :4ost of the Ramona soils it evaporates. Erosion is negligible. in this area are in grain; the yields are good. Orchards, vineyards, and V. Native vegetation: Grass and a few field crops may be grown where irri- shrubs. gation is available. This soil has a Storie Index rating of 76 per cent. VI. Utilization: San Joaquin soils are 1 dry-farmed to grain. The yield is good, 7II. Distribution: In this county, Ramona in favorable rainfall years. Irrigated soils are found associated with the pasture is grown successfully, but deep- Rocklin and Redding soils, on the rooted crops are not desirable. terraces northeast of Lodi. VII. Distribution: This soil occurs ex- tensively in the eastern part of the county. 7