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6 Monitoring Program The population of the adults of the threatened valley elderberry longhorn beetle, the general condition of the mitigation area, and the elderberry plants and associated native plants located at the mitigation area should be monitored by a qualified biologist annually for a period of_ten years beginning with the data the mitigation program is initiated. P,ro�its between February 14 and June 30 of each year should be made beginning the year the mitigation is begun. The study should include a population census of the adult beetles, including the actual number of animals observed, their condition, behavior, and precise location at the site; a census of the elderberry shrubs and associated native plants, including the number of -plants; observed, their size, and condition; and a general assessment of the habitat, including any real or potential threats to the beetle, and its food plants, such as erosion, excessive grazing by livestock, off-road vehicle use, etc. Random-walk counts should be used; mark-recapture or other methods that involve handling or harassment shall not be utilized. The materials and methods that will be utilized for this study should be reviewed and approved by the Service. All appropriate Federal and State permits should be obtained prior to initiating the field studies. A written report analyzing the data from the monitoring of the threatened valley elderberry longhorn beetle at the mitigation area and the elderb-orry shrubs and associated native plants located at the project site should be conveyed to the Service and the Department of Fish and Game (Supervisor, Environmental Service, Department of Fish and Game, 1416 Ninth Street, and Staff zoologist, California Natural Sacramento, California 95814, Diversity Data Base, Department of Fish and Game, 1220 S Street, Sacramento, California 95814) by December 31 of each year for a ten year period beginning with the date the program is initiatod. The report should include, but not be limited to, the raw data collected during the field surveys and a basic analysis of the population dynamics of the valley elderberry longhorn beetle at the compensation sites. The following should be analyzed for the beetle: estimated population size (using both open and closed population models) , and spatial distribution, Maps shoving where the individual adult beetles and exit holes worn observed should be included. For the eldarberry shrubs and i associated native plants the following should be analyzed: the survival rate, condition, and size of the plants. Real and likely future threats should be ations (e.g. fencing access to off-road addressed along with suggested mitig vehicles, more frequent removal of exotic vegetation, etc.) . The original field notes, photographs, correspondence, and all other pertinent material, as well as a copy of the report should be deposited and accessioned into the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (Senior Curator, Entomology Section, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd. , Los Angeles, California 90007) by December 31 of each year for a ten yaar period beginning with the date the mitigation program is initiated. The Sacramento Field Offic© should be provided with the accession numbers given to this material by the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. i L0'd LLEa Wd9E:b E66T 'SE �dw VZT6E9L9L6 :01 33I7d0 3H =US SFL-iSn:WObd