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should be approved by the Service. They should be replaced or repaired within ten (10) working days if they are found to be damaged or destroyed. Monitoring Program The population of the adults of the threatened valley elderberry longhorn beetle, the general condition of the mitigation area, and the elderberry plants and associated native plants located at the mitigation area should be monitored by a qualified biologist annually for a period of ten years beginning with the date the mitigation program is initiated. Two visits between February 14 and June 30 of each year should be made beginning the year the mitigation is begun. The study should include a population census of the adult beetles, including the actual number of animals observed, their condition, behavior, and precise location at the site; a census of the elderberry shrubs and associated native plants, including the number of plants observed,their size and condition; and a general assessment of the habitat, including any real or potential threats to the beetle and its food plants, such as erosion, excessive grazing by livestock,off- road vehicle use, etc. Random-walk counts should be used; mark-recapture or other methods that involve handling or harassment should not be utilized. The materials and methods that will be utilized for this study should be reviewed and approved by the Service. All appropriate Federal and State permits should be obtained prior to initiating field studies. A written report analyzing the data from the threatened valley elderberry longhorn beetle at the mitigation area and the elderberry shrubs and the associated native plants located at the-project site should be conveyed to the Service and the Department of Fish and Game (Supervisor, Environmental Service, Department of Fish and Game, 1416 Ninth Street, Sacramento, California 95814, and Staff Zoologist, California Natural Diversity Data Base,Department of Fish and Game, 1220 S Street, Sacramento, California 95814) by December 31 of each year for a ten year period beginning with the date the program is initiated. The report should include, but not be limited to, the raw data collected during the field surveys and a basic analysis of the 9