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-Federal Register / Vol. o. 235 / Friday, December 6, 1991 / s and Regulations 64175
<br />XI. The Standard
<br />General Industry
<br />Part 1910 of title 29 of the Code of
<br />Federal Regulations is amended as
<br />follows:
<br />Subpart Z—(Amended]
<br />1. The general authority citation for
<br />subpart Z of 29 CFR part 1910 continues
<br />to read as follows and a new citation for
<br />11910.1030 is added:
<br />Authority: Secs. 6 and 8, Occupational
<br />Safety and Health•Act. 29 U.S.C. 655.657.
<br />Secretary of Labor's Orders Nos. 12-71 (36 FR
<br />8754). B-76 (41 FR ). or 9-83 ( 48 FR
<br />35736). as applicable; and 29 CFR part 1911.
<br />Section 1910.1030 also issued under 29
<br />U.S.C. 653.
<br />2. Section 1910.1030 is added to read
<br />as follows:
<br />41910.1090 Sloodborne Pathogens.
<br />(a) Scope and Application. This
<br />section applies to all occupational
<br />exposure to blood or other potentially
<br />infectious materials as defined by
<br />paragraph (b) of this section.
<br />(b) Definitions. For purposes of this
<br />section, the following shall apply:
<br />Assistant Secretary means the
<br />Assistant Secretary of Labor for
<br />Occupational Safety and Health, or
<br />designated representative.
<br />Blood means human blood, human
<br />blood components, and products made
<br />from human blood.
<br />Bloodborne Pathogens means
<br />pathogenic microorganisms that are
<br />present in human blood and can cause
<br />disease in humans. These pathogens
<br />include, but are not limited to, hepatitis
<br />B virus (HBV) and human
<br />immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
<br />Clinical Laboratory means a
<br />workplace where diagnostic or other
<br />screening procedures are performed on
<br />blood or other potentially infectious
<br />materials.
<br />Contaminated means the presence or
<br />the reasonably anticipated presence of
<br />blood or other potentially infectious
<br />materials on an item or surface.
<br />Contaminated Laundry means
<br />laundry which has been soiled with
<br />blood or other potentially infectious
<br />materials or may contain sharps.
<br />Contaminated Sharps means any
<br />contaminated object that can penetrate
<br />the skin including, but not limited to,
<br />needles, scalpels, broken glass, broken
<br />capillary tubes, and exposed ends of
<br />dental wires.
<br />Decontamination means the use of
<br />physics) or chemical means to remove,
<br />inactivate, or destroy bloodborne
<br />pathogens on a surface or item to the
<br />point where they are no longer capable
<br />of transmitting infectious particles and
<br />the surface or item is rendered safe for
<br />handling, use, or disposal.
<br />Director means the Director of the
<br />National Institute for Occupational
<br />Safety and Health, U.S. Department of
<br />Health and Human Services, or
<br />designated representative.
<br />Engineering Controls means controls
<br />(e.g., sharps disposal containers, self -
<br />sheathing needles) that isolate or
<br />remove the bloodborne pathogens
<br />hazard from the workplace.
<br />Exposure Incident means a specific
<br />eye, mouth, other mucous membrane,
<br />non -intact skin, or parenteral contact
<br />with blood or other potentially
<br />infectious materials that results from the
<br />performance of an employee's duties.
<br />Handwashing Facilities means a
<br />facility providing an adequate supply of
<br />running potable water, soap and single
<br />use towels or hot air drying machines.
<br />Licensed Healthcare Professional is a
<br />person whose legally permitted scope of
<br />practice allows him or her to
<br />independently perform the activities
<br />required by paragraph (f) Hepatitis B
<br />Vaccination and Post -exposure
<br />Evaluation and Follow-up.
<br />HBV means hepatitis B virus.
<br />HIV means human immunodeficiency
<br />virus.
<br />Occupational Exposure means
<br />reasonably anticipated skin, eye,
<br />mucous membrane, or parenteral
<br />contact with blood or other potentially
<br />infectious materials that may result from
<br />the performance of an employee's
<br />duties.
<br />Other Potentially Infectious Materials
<br />means
<br />(1) The following human body fluids:
<br />semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal
<br />fluid, synovial fluid, pleural fluid,
<br />pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid,
<br />amniotic fluid, saliva in dental
<br />procedures, any body fluid that is
<br />visibly contaminated with blood, and all
<br />body fluids in situations where it is
<br />difficult or impossible to differentiate
<br />between body fluids;
<br />(2) Any unfixed tissue or organ (other
<br />than intact skin) from a human (living or
<br />dead); and
<br />(3) HIV -containing cell or tissue
<br />cultures, organ cultures, and HIV- or
<br />HBV -containing culture medium or other
<br />solutions; and blood, organs, or other
<br />tissues from experimental animals
<br />infected with HIV or HBV.
<br />Porenteral means piercing mucous
<br />membranes or the skin barrier through
<br />such events as needlesticks, human
<br />bites, cuts, and abrasions.
<br />Personal Protective Equipment is
<br />specialized clothing or equipment worn
<br />by an employee for protection against a
<br />hazard. General work clothes (e.g.,
<br />uniforms, pants, shirts or blouses) not
<br />intended to function as protection
<br />against a hazard are not considered to
<br />be personal protective equipment.
<br />Production Facility means a facility
<br />engaged in industrial -scale, large -
<br />volume or high concentration production
<br />of HIV or HBV.
<br />Regulated Waste means liquid or
<br />semi-liquid blood or other potentially
<br />infectious materials; contaminated items
<br />that would release blood or other
<br />potentially infectious materials in a
<br />liquid or semi-liquid state if compressed;
<br />items that are caked with dried blood or
<br />other potentially infectious materials
<br />and are capable of releasing these
<br />materials during handling; contaminated
<br />sharps; and pathological and
<br />microbiological wastes containing blood
<br />or other potentially infectious materials.
<br />Research Laboratory means a
<br />laboratory producing or using research -
<br />laboratory -scale amounts of HIV or
<br />HBV. Research laboratories may
<br />produce high concentrations of HIV or
<br />HBV but not in the volume found in
<br />production facilities.
<br />Source Individual means any
<br />individual, living or dead, whose blood
<br />or other potentially infectious materials
<br />may be a source of occupational
<br />exposure to thetemployee. Examples
<br />include, but are not limited to, hospital
<br />and clinic patients; clients in institutions
<br />for the developmentally disabled;
<br />trauma victims; clients, of drug and
<br />alcohol treatment facilities; residents of
<br />hospices and nursing homes; human
<br />remains; and individuals who donate or
<br />sell blood or blood components.
<br />Sterilize means the use of a physical
<br />or chemical procedure to destroy all
<br />microbial life including highly resistant
<br />bacterial endospores.
<br />Universal Precautions is an approach
<br />to infection control. According to the
<br />concept of Universal Precautions, all
<br />human blood and certain human body
<br />fluids are treated as if known to be
<br />infectious for HIV. HBV, and other
<br />bloodborne pathogens.
<br />Work Practice Controls means
<br />controls that reduce the likelihood of
<br />exposure by altering the manner in
<br />which a task is performed (e.g.,
<br />prohibiting recapping of needles by a
<br />two-handed technique).
<br />(c) Exposure control -41) Exposure
<br />Control Plan. (i) Each employer having
<br />an employee(s) with occupational
<br />exposure as defined by paragraph (b) of
<br />this section shall establish a written
<br />Exposure Control Plan designed to
<br />EVA
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