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L-e--p-29-99 04:45P P .07 • 0 Similarly Fig.5 and Fig.6 give the values for counter- use. The higher leakage (in, I,Pf in the equations current regeneration. It should be noted that in this above)so reduces the load on the ion exchange bed case the nitrate leakage Is lower for a given regener- that for a given operating capacity greater through- ation level. Hence the possibility to blend treated with puts per cycle are obtained.This latter effect can inf lu- untreated water on a 50% basis is a useful option once the throughput more than differences In basic which can make counter-current regeneration attrac- operating capacity. 11 therefore follows that both tive. On the other hand the choice of co-current capacity and leakage for alternative modes of regen- regeneration can result in the production of higher vol- eration should be evaluated before recommending umes of treated water of satistactory quality for direct specific design conditions. PUROLITE A-520E,COUNTER-CURRENT REGENERATION Fig.5 OPERATING CAPACITY Fig.6 NITRATE LEAKAGE VS. RATIO vs. NO; RATIO NO-+SO: 3 NO-+SO,* 1.0 50 2 - Cr 0 0 0.8 Z _J 40 -, Z Z 0 15- LAL 0.6 U 0 30 < 150 g Na(41(11.5 ftl ts 0- LJ 0- 10 U C7 126g4act4(6 MUL < .0000 0 0.4 20 ANIL 2 - -15 g Nal(0 W?) H _J 1 0.2 LU Ldu 0 10 180 g NaGLA(11.5 bt I') 0 0 — 2 01 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 NO; RATIO NO,--RATIO N0,+So: NO3+SO; Presupposing that the objective of the nitrate removal native resins. Where lower leakages than the WHO treatment is to obtain potable water of a quality which limit are required, for example in the processing of meets the World Health Organization (WHO) limit, certain foods.Purolite A-520E will often give a supe- where the nitratel(nitrate + sulphate) ratio Is higher rior performance to the standard resins oven where than 0.6, a nitrate selective resin Is not necessary. A nitrate/(nitrate + sulphate) ratios are higher than 0.6. standard strong base resin can give higher through- One particular advantage here Is that there is no slug puts as a result of its higher total capacity. It will be of highly concentrated nitrate�at breakthrough as is seen that up to the ratio of 0.6 the curves in Figs.3-6 found with standard resins. hence the possibility to are continuous to show where Purollte A-520E Is the excessively contaminate the food product by over- recommended resin. The discontinuous curves are running the bed is avoided. given so that comparisons may be made with alter- EXAMPLE of calculation How to use Figs.3 through 6. It is assumed that it is required to treat a well water of the following analysis to produce a nitrate concentration of less than 50 mg/1.