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C <br />0 <br />slopes, visqueen shall be placed over geosynthetic components overlying the <br />geosynthetic clay liner. The geosynthetic clay liner shall be removed and replaced if <br />it becomes hydrated. <br />Hydrated GCL is defined as material that has become soft as determined by <br />squeezing the material with finger pressure, material that has exhibited swelling, or <br />material that has a moisture content greater than 100 percent as determined by <br />ASTM D2216 or ASTM D4643. Cause for replacement of the GCL due to <br />exposure to moisture and subsequent hydration shall be determined at the QA/QC <br />CONSULTANT's sole discretion. <br />3.6 SEAMS AND OVERLAPS <br />A. On slopes steeper than 10 horizontal to 1 vertical, all geosynthetic clay liners shall <br />be continuous down the slope; that is, no horizontal seams shall be allowed on the <br />slope. <br />B. No horizontal seams shall be allowed on the base and the crest of the landfill within <br />5 ft (1.5 m) of the toe or the crest of the slope. <br />C. All geosynthetic clay liners shall have overlapped seams. Along the length (i.e., the <br />sides) of the mat, the overlap shall be 12 in minimum. Along the width (i.e., the <br />ends) of the mat, the overlap shall be 12 in minimum. <br />D. The overlaps shall not be nailed or stapled to the subgrade. <br />E. Granular bentonite shall be placed on the overlaps. <br />3.7 MATERIALS IN CONTACT WITH THE GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINER <br />A. Installation on rough surfaces shall be carefully performed to minimize damage to <br />the geosynthetic clay liner. <br />B. Equipment used for placing soils shall not be driven directly on the geosynthetics <br />overlying the geosynthetic clay liner. A minimum thickness of 1 ft of material is <br />required between a low ground pressure dozer (such as a wide pad Caterpillar D-4 <br />bulldozer or equivalent) and the geosynthetic clay liner. A minimum thickness of <br />3 ft of material is required between rubber -tired vehicles and the geosynthetic clay <br />liner. In areas of heavy vehicle traffic, such as access ramps, the material <br />thickness should be at least 3 ft. The following table shall be complied with <br />during construction: <br />Forward Landfill WMU FU -06 9 GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINER (GCL) <br />02777 <br />