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Clevafion aloe a In a contour plot; a contour line.represents the e <br /> S A closed contour thdmfom indicates either a depr=jon or a mound <br /> e presence of c10 contours re cntin. a d <br /> the design of a Liner s stem. Fri g d�P epression is an unacceptable condition ii. <br /> The deformed orface -elevations in each gzid point am calculated <br /> Pro ' m . The deform surface contours on the percent lopinsurface are h thenplotted for <br /> each case, as shown o Figures EX 1 - EX 4. for <br /> Where the this ess-of the soil/waste layer is 1.8 m (6 feet), as shown on Fi _ <br /> the presence of the vol will create a depression 9 cm (A. IV <br /> 3 feat) deep. This depression could <br /> trap and accumulate liquids, hi'ndering'the frac flow of leachate towards a collection point. <br /> When the thick of the soil/waste Layer above the void is incased to 2,25 <br /> feet), the dep sign i%s u to less than 3 an (•0.1 foot); as shown on Figure EX 2 mWith <br /> a 2.7 .(9 foot) thick so !waste layer over t11c void, <br /> ithe depression disappears. The disturbance <br /> n the liner surfaced =ses <br /> as the depth to the void increases, as seen when the thickness of <br /> the soil/waste tayer is i-crCased to 3.6 in (12 feet) (Figure EX 3 and EX 4). <br /> To evaluate the Ix tential for grade reversal, a characteristic curve of required soWwaste <br /> thicknesses 0) over a 0-9 m (3 feet) 'vide by 0.9 in (3 feet) deep by 1.8 m (6 feet) long voict <br /> versus Inner surface gra (cc) is illustrated on Figure 3. <br /> 5.0 <br /> 4 4.0 <br /> o <br /> -0 y <br /> o <br /> C <br /> C 3.0 '0 <br /> 0 ~' 0® <br /> v 0.0 <br /> 2.0 <br /> 1,Gn o <br /> C '0 1.0ri <br /> to j <br /> 0.0' <br /> 0 5 10"• 15 9'20 25 30 35 40 <br /> Containm.eni Liner Grade (degree) <br /> Figure 3 Required controlled fill thickness to prevent grade reversal (7) <br /> versus containment liner grade (a) on 0.9m x 0.9m x 1.8m (3'x3'x6') void <br /> Gcosynflzdcs'93-Va=uva,Canada-1303 <br />