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III. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING,IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES B. AIR QUALITY Increases in particulate emissions associated with the project would primarily be related to new on-road motor vehicle trips, off-road mobile equipment use,increased municipal waste handling activities(up to 1,000 tpd)within the transfer station building, which includes construction and demolition debris handling(up to 400 tpd), and greenwaste operations(up to 150 tpd). Large- sized particulates typically fall out of the air within several hundred feet of the source. Based on the distance from the main transfer station operations to the nearest residences (approximately 400 feet), increases in large-sized particulates would not be considered to pose a significant nuisance impact. Respirable particulate matter(PM-10),including diesel particulates, are small enough to remain suspended in the air for longer periods and travel further than large-sized particulates. Table III.B-3 compares estimates of emissions of PM-10,a criteria air pollutant, and diesel particulates,a toxic air contaminant, under three scenarios. The first scenario represents existing (1999)conditions, where emissions are primarily a result of collection truck trips and employee trips. The second scenario represents existing plus project conditions in 2000 when project construction has been completed and operations at the site are at 60 percent of their full permitted capacity. The last scenario assumes that operation of the site at its full permitted capacity would begin in 2003. Emissions estimates shown in Table III.B-3 for on-road motor vehicles are based on daily trip generation information provided in the Transportation Circulation and Safety section,an assumed trip length of 10 miles for each type of one-way trip,except transfer truck trips,EMFAC7G composite vehicle emissions factors, and assumed average speeds(different speeds were assumed for different types of trips,e.g., 10 miles per hour for collection vehicles and 35 to 50 miles per hour for transfer truck trips). It is expected that initially transfer trucks would haul materials to Forward Landfill,North County Landfill,or Foothill Landfill, which are about 10 to 15 miles from the transfer station site. However,in the future refuse may be transferred to a more distant facility for disposal, such as WMI's landfill in Lockwood,Nevada, roughly 190 driving miles from the site. The emissions estimates shown in Table III.B-3 represent the worst case scenario when transfer trucks would travel the full distance to Nevada. Daily emissions from transfer trucks would be incrementally lower on the average day if loads were transferred to local landfills as is the case now. EMFAC7G is a motor vehicle emissions factor model developed by the state ARB. The estimates for on-road motor vehicles reflect the following number of daily vehicle one-way trips for each analytical scenario: 260 under existing conditions;482 under existing plus project conditions in 2000; and, 804 under existing plus project conditions in 2003. The estimates for"Total PM-10" shown in Table III.B-3 include exhaust,tire wear,brake wear, and entrained road dust. An emissions factor of 0.69 grams per vehicle-mile-traveled was used to estimate PM-10 emissions from entrained road dust for all vehicle types. Diesel-particulate emissions in Table III.B-3 reflect PM-10 exhaust emissions from diesel-powered vehicles and Storkton Scavenger Transfer Station Erpansion III.B.18 ESA/990190