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• TABLE 1 <br /> AVERAGE POROSITY and <br /> INTRINSIC PERMEABH= <br /> Matenal Porosity Intnnsic Permeability <br /> % (darcy, D) crl12 <br /> Clay 45 00005 4 9 x 10"12 <br /> Sand 35 50 4.9 x 10-' <br /> Gravel 25 5,000 4 9 x 10'5 <br /> Gravel and Sand 20 500 4 .9 x 10 <br /> Sandstone 15 5 4 9 x 10-1 <br /> Dense Limestone and Shale 5 005 4 9 x 10" <br /> Quartzite, Granite 1 00005 4 9 x 10-12 <br /> One darcy (D) =0 987 x 10 8 cm2 <br /> • <br /> TABLE 2 <br /> LNTRINSIC PERMEABILITY and <br /> HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY <br /> Matenal Intnnslc Perrneabibty Hydraulic Conductivity <br /> CM- Darcy(D) cnz/s m/yr <br /> Clayey Silts 10-12 to 10-9 10-4 to 10-1 10'7 to 10-1 0 032 to 32 <br /> Silty Sand 7x10'11 to 9x10"7 7x10'3 to 90 7x10 to 9x103 2 2 to 28,401 <br /> Clean Sand 14"9 to 10"5 10"1 to 10-3 10-4 to 1 32 to 320,000 <br /> Gravel 10 to 10'3 102 to 105 10"1 to 102 32,000 to 3 2x107 <br /> 1 cm/s = 315,567 m/yr <br /> References <br /> Table I Approximate average Porosity and Intrinsic Permeability of various matenals Uen from Hydrology for <br /> Engineers by Luisley.Kohler and Paulhus,c 1982 Table 6-2 <br /> Table 2- Table of Ranges of Intrinsic Permeability and Hydraulic Conductivity from Spinnaker PLUS and <br /> HyperVentilate modeling program based on the article'A Practical Approach to the Design,Operation,and <br /> Monitoring of Sail Venting Systems"by P C Johnson et. al <br />