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INNOVATIONS IN THE SCRAP TIRE INDUSTRY Cryogenics Heavy oil and pure oxygen are subjected to temperatures of 2500 F and pressures One way to reduce a tire's storage volume of 1200 psi. The gas produced from this involves a process called cryogenics. This process can be used as fuel for the gasifier process employs liquid nitrogen to freeze or to fuel steam turbines to produce tires. The frozen tires are then shattered electricity. Other products of this process away from the steel belts. Cryogenics include slag, sulfur, methanol, ammonia, forms pieces with smooth edges, which and hydrogen. Texaco Oil is operating an limits its use in many applications. This is experimental liquefaction/gasifier plant in not a common process; it is expensive and El Monte, California. has a limited market value. However, the smooth edged pieces can be ground down Bundling/Bailing to use in other applications. One Los Angeles firm currently uses cryogenics. Bundling or bailing tires is a relatively new process. Sixteen to eighteen whole Pyrolizing scrap tires (about 11 feet) are compressed into 30 inch bundles. The storage Pyrolizing is the low temperature advantages should be obvious. You can distillation of a tire in the absence of air. store more tires per space. An additional The pyrolizing process basically melts advantage is that the interior air space scrap tires into a liquid. The liquid becomes significantly reduced. Reduced product is subsequently refined into fuel interior spaces decrease potential wildlife oil. The steel belts, bead wire, and carbon habitats. black is collected and sold. The behavior of tire bundles under fire Liquefaction conditions was studied by the University of California, Berkeley. The tire's Similar in concept to pyrolyzing, is the memory is such that when tires bundled liquefaction of scrap tires. This process six months earlier are cut open, the tires uses heat and solvents to effect a chemical spring back to their original size and breakdown of six inch chipped tire solids shape. Under fire conditions, the high into a liquid. Waste oils are used to temperatures and stress from the bundled facilitate the process. The by-products tires break the steel wires holding the include heavy tire oil, steel, gas, and light bundles together. The tires return, like an oil. accordion, to their original size and configuration. This accordion action Gasification draws oxygen and fire into the interior space of the tires intensifying the fire. The heavy oil produced in the liquefaction process is processed in gasification. 9