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Ground Water 5amping <br /> directly on samples that will be submitted for laboratory analysis Monitoring probes <br /> should not be placed in shipping containers containing ground-water samples for laboratory <br /> analysis <br /> The SAP should list the specific parameters that will be measured in the field The <br /> program should specify the types of instruments(e g , downhole probes, meters)that will <br /> be used to make these measurements,and describe the procedures that will be followed <br /> in operating the instruments and recording the measurements The SAP should describe <br /> all instrument calibration procedures, including the frequency of calibration The <br /> description of calibration procedures should include discussion of initial calibration, <br /> multi-level calibration for determination of usable range, periodic calibration checks, <br /> conditions that warrant re-calibration of instruments,acceptable control limits, and the <br /> maintenance of calibration records in the field log book At a minimum, all field <br /> instruments should be calibrated at the beginning of each use and in accordance with the <br /> frequency suggested by the manufacturer Field instruments should be calibrated using at <br /> least two calibration standards spanning the range of results anticipated during the <br /> sampling event For example, 1f ground-water pH is expected to be near pH 7, the two <br />' standards used to calibrate the pH meter should be pH 4 or 5, and pH 9 or 10, <br /> respectively <br /> 2.5 Sample Preservation and Handling <br /> The procedures employed for sample preservation and handling are nearly as important <br /> for ensuring the integrity of the samples as the collection device itself Table 2 may be <br /> used for guidance on containers and sample preservation Detailed procedures for <br /> containerization,preservation,packaging, and handling(e , shipped daily by overnight <br /> courier) should be provided in the SAP Samples collected from a well should never be <br /> composited in a large container for subsequent transfer to the appropriate smaller bottles <br /> Regardless of the analytes of concern, exposure of the samples to the ambient air should <br /> be minimized <br /> Splitting of samples is commonly done When sampling for volatile organic aromatic <br /> compounds(VOAs),the procedure is changed slightly Normally, one half of the sample <br /> is emptied from the sampling device into one container, and one half is emptied into the <br /> other, with the procedure being repeated with each bailer until the containers are full For <br /> VOAs, however, the first VOA container should be completely filled and sealed,and then <br /> the VOA container into which the other split sample will be placed should be completely <br /> filled and sealed <br /> 2 5 1 Sample Containers <br /> The SAP should identify the type of sample containers to be used to collect <br /> samples, as well as the procedures the RP will use to ensure that sample containers <br /> are free of contaminants prior to use Refer to Table 2 for a list of appropriate <br /> sample containers,by analyte <br /> When metals are the analytes of interest, glass or polyethylene containers with <br /> polypropylene caps should be used While polyethylene containers are acceptable <br />' 18 <br />