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4.5 – Greenhouse Gas Emissions Draft Environmental Impact Report February 2021 14800 W. Schulte Road Logistics Center 4.5-9 In August 2018, the EPA and NHTSA proposed to amend certain fuel economy and GHG standards for passenger cars and light trucks and establish new standards for model years 2021 through 2026. Compared to maintaining the post-2020 standards now in place, the 2018 proposal would increase U.S. fuel consumption by approximately 0.5 million barrels per day (2%–3% of total daily consumption, according to the Energy Information Administration) and would impact the global climate by 3/1000th of 1 degree Celsius by 2100 (EPA and NHTSA 2018). California and other states have stated their intent to challenge federal actions that would delay or eliminate GHG reduction measures, and have committed to cooperating with other countries to implement global climate change initiatives. On September 27, 2019, the EPA and NHTSA published the “Safer Affordable Fuel-Efficient (SAFE) Vehicles Rule Part One: One National Program” (84 FR 51310), which became effective November 26, 2019. The Part One Rule revokes California’s authority to set its own GHG emissions standards and set zero-emission vehicle mandates in California. On March 31, 2020, the EPA and NHTSA issued Part Two of the SAFE Rule, which went into effect 60 days after being published in the Federal Register. The Part Two Rule sets CO2 emissions standards and corporate average fuel economy standards for passenger vehicles and light-duty trucks for model years 2021 through 2026. This issue is evolving as California and 22 other states, as well as the District of Columbia and four cities, filed suit against the EPA and a petition for reconsideration of the rule on November 26, 2019. Clean Power Plan and New Source Performance Standards for Electric Generating Units On October 23, 2015, the EPA published a final rule (effective December 22, 2015) establishing the Carbon Pollution Emission Guidelines for Existing Stationary Sources: Electric Utility Generating Units (80 FR 64510– 64660), also known as the Clean Power Plan. These guidelines prescribe how states must develop plans to reduce GHG emissions from existing fossil-fuel-fired electric generating units. The guidelines establish CO2 emission performance rates representing the best system of emission reduction for two subcategories of existing fossil-fuel- fired electric generating units: fossil-fuel-fired electric utility steam-generating units, and stationary combustion turbines. Concurrently, the EPA published a final rule (effective October 23, 2015) establishing Standards of Performance for Greenhouse Gas Emissions from New, Modified, and Reconst ructed Stationary Sources: Electric Utility Generating Units (80 FR 64661–65120). The rule prescribes CO2 emission standards for newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed affected fossil-fuel-fired electric utility generating units. State The statewide GHG emissions regulatory framework is summarized below by category: state climate change targets, building energy, renewable energy and energy procurement, mobile sources, solid waste, water, and other state regulations and goals. The following text describes EOs, legislation, regulations, and other plans and policies that would directly or indirectly reduce GHG emissions and/or address climate change issues. State Climate Change Targets The state has taken a number of actions to address climate change. These include EOs, legislation, and CARB plans and requirements. These are summarized below. EO S-3-05. EO S-3-05 (June 2005) established California’s GHG emissions reduction targets and laid out responsibilities among the state agencies for implementing the EO and for reporting on progress toward the targets. This EO established the following targets: • By 2010, reduce GHG emissions to 2000 levels • By 2020, reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels • By 2050, reduce GHG emissions to 80% below 1990 levels