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ls: <br /> 4" <br /> E <br /> Performance of Textile-Based Packed Bed Filters <br /> Terry R. Bounds P.E.' <br /> Abstract <br /> Small and decentralized wastewater systems may range from individual onsite systems to complete <br /> cluster systems. Among the many benefits of onsite and cluster systems is their ability to treat septic <br /> tank effluent to advanced wastewater treatment standards (AWT) or better. Many onsite technologies <br /> do it more reliably, more affordably, and with considerably less environmental impact than centralized <br /> sewers. <br /> For the past couple of decades,packed bed filters (PBFs)—such as single-pass sand filters and <br /> recirculating sand and gravel filters—have successfully provided consistent and reliable treatment for <br /> small to medium wastewater flows. Textile-based packed bed filters, incorporating an engineered <br /> treatment medium,have greatly expanded packed bed technology options by incorporating a <br /> manufactured media that is easily serviced and capable of producing high quality effluent. The effluent <br /> quality produced by these units is consistently superior to that discharged by the majority of our nation's <br /> municipal treatment facilities and is ideal for many water-reuse applications. <br /> Keywords: textile,packed bed filter, decentralized,primary treatment, secondary treatment, advanced <br /> wastewater treatment, dispersal, water reuse <br /> Introduction—Packed Bed Filter Technology <br /> Packed bed filters (PBFs) incorporating naturally occurring treatment media such as sand and gravel <br /> have been used successfully for treating small to medium volume wastewater flows for decades. These <br /> filters produce high quality effluent that is superior to that discharged by the majority of our nation's <br /> municipal treatment facilities. Over the past three decades, two types of packed bed sand filters have <br /> been most commonly used—the single-pass filter and the recirculating filter. Single-pass sand filters, <br /> as illustrated in Figure 1, are capable of treating septic tank effluent to advanced wastewater treatment <br /> (AWT) levels or better. <br /> 9 <br /> Figure 1� Single-pass sand filter(ISF) <br /> ..4 <br /> i <br /> 'Executive Vice President, Orenco Systems,Inc., Sutherlin,Oregon <br /> NTP-FLT-'MB-1 <br /> Rev,1,1.11102 <br /> Page I of 12 ' <br />