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Generally, soil samples selected for analyses typically represent those which the field screening <br />indicated will be most likely to contain the contaminate of concern. In most instances the deepest <br />two samples and/or and sample collected from just above groundwater are selected for analyses. <br />Samples intended for chemical analyses are sealed with Teflon tape and plastic end caps, labeled, <br />placed on ice, and delivered to a laboratory, along with chain-of-custody documentation. <br />The soil borings may be completed as groundwater monitoring wells, or abandoned by grouting with <br />a 6-sack cement slurry. Abandonment procedures depend upon the boring depth, depth to <br />groundwater, project objectives, and regulatory requirements. For borings greater than 15 feet deep, <br />grout is emplaced through the hollow augers or a tremie pipe which will extend to within 15 feet of <br />the bottom of the boring. The slurry is pumped through the annulus in the hollow-stem augers or <br />the tremie pipe. Backfill is placed in one continuous operation from the bottom to the top of the <br />borehole. When the annulus/borehole fills with the slurry, auger flights or tremie pipe sections are <br />removed (no more than 10 feet at a time) from the borehole, allowing the slurry to uniformly fill the <br />borehole to the surface. SOPs for groundwater monitoring well installation are described in a <br />subsequent paragraph (if pertinent to this investigation). <br />Soil cuttings generated during drilling are containerized in properly labeled, United States <br />Department of Transportation (DOT)-approved drums, or placed on and covered with plastic <br />sheeting, and stored on site in an area inaccessible to the general public. Typically, the stockpiled <br />soil is characterized by collecting and analyzing composite samples from the stockpile. Twining can <br />recommend an appropriate method for disposition of the cuttings based on the analytical results. <br />Disposal will be the responsibility of the client. <br />Equipment Decontamination: Proper decontamination procedures reduce the potential for: cross- <br />contamination among sample locations; and introduction of contamination from outside sources. <br />Before, during, and following drilling operations, drilling equipment is thoroughly cleaned using a <br />high pressure hot water (steam) washer. Well casing, screen, end caps, and centralizers will also be <br />cleaned using the steam washer. <br />Steam cleaning condensate will be containerized for later disposal. Generally, disposal will be the <br />client's responsibility. <br />Sampling equipment and any tools, measuring devices, or other equipment which will contact soil, <br />groundwater, or any media being assessed will be washed in a low-phosphate soap and water <br />solution, and rinsed in clean water before each use. The type of soap used will depend upon project <br />requirements. <br />Sample Handling and Chain-of-Custody: Records are developed for samples which include: <br />sampling date, sample type, location, job number, name of sampling personnel, and method of <br />preservation. Each sample container is labeled immediately following collection. Sample containers <br />are transported under custody seal. Chain-of-custody protocol, as described in United States <br />Environmental Protection Agency, 1986, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846, Third <br />Edition, is followed. Samples will be maintained at approximately 4°C. Upon arrival at the <br />laboratory, the samples will be preserved for analysis as appropriate. Sample containers will be <br />sealed with a custody seal during transport.