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40 CFR Ch. 1 (7-1-88 Edition) Environmental Protection Agency § 146.8 4vKH(h„—hb the permissible radius is the result of the relationship between injection X °xS,G°) such calculation even if it is less than pressure and injection flow rate for = — 2,361 one-fourth('/,)mile. the following Class II enhanced recov- ery wells: (95 FR 42500,June 24, 1980, as amended (i) Existing wells completed without 46 43161,Aug.27, 1981;47 FR 4999,Feb.b. a packer provided that a pressure test adius of endangering influence from in- 3,19898 21 ection well(length) has been performed and the data is ydraulic conductivity of the injection §146.7 Corrective action. available and provided further that one(length/time) In determining the adequacy of cor- one pressure test shall be performed `hickness of the injection zone (length) rective action proposed by the appli- at a time when the well is shut down me of injection(time) cant under 40 CFR 144.55 and in de and if the running of such a test will -torage coefficient(dimensionless) not cause further loss of significant -niection rate(volume/time) termining the additional steps needed amounts of oil or gas;or Observed original hydrostatic head of to prevent fluid movement into under- (ii) Existing wells constructed with - -he zone (length) measured from ground sources of drinking water, the out a long string casing, but with sur- -he base of the lowermost underground following criteria and factors shall be ource of drinking water considered by the Director: face casing which terminates at the Hydrostatic head of underground (a) Nature and volume of injected base of fresh water provided that local ource of drinking water (length) meas- fluid; geological and hydrological features -fired from the base of the lowest under. (b) Nature of native fluids or by- allow such construction and provided round source of drinking waterproducts of injection; further that the annular space shall =Specific gravity of fluid in the injec• (c)potentially affected population; be visually inspected. For these wells, -ion zone(dimensionless) the Director shall prescribe a monitor- 142(dimensionless) (d)Geology; (e)Hydrology; ing program which will verify the ab- above equation is based on the (f) History of the injection oper- sence of significant fluid movement -)wing assumptions: ation; from the injection zone into an The injection zone is homogenous (g)Completion and plugging records; USDW. isotropic; (h) Abandonment procedures in (c) One of the following methods The injection zone has infinite effect at the time the well was aban- must be used to determine the absence extent; doned; and of significant fluid movement under -i) The injection well penetrates (i) Hydraulic connections with un- paragraph(a)(2)of this section: entire thickness of the injection derground sources of drinking water. (1) The results of a temperature or (Clean Water Act,Safe Drinking Water Act, noise log;or For Class II only, cementing 9 The well diameter is infinitesi- Clean Air Act, Resource Conservation and records demonstrating the presence of compared to "r" when injection Recovery Act: 42 U.S.C. 6905, 6912, 6925, adequate cement ti prevent such mi- is longer than a few minutes; and 6927,6974) The emplacement of fluid into (45 FR 42500, June 24, 1980, as amended at gration; or injection zone creates instantane- 46 FR 43162, Aug. 27, 1981; 48 FR 14293, (3) For Class III wells where the Apr.1,19831 nature of the casing precludes the use ,increase in pressure. of the logging techniques prescribed at ) Fixed radius. (1) In the case of §146.8 Mechanical inte it . ication(s) for well permit(s) under y paragraph (c)(1) of this section, ce x2.38 a fixed radius around the well (a) An injection well has mechanical menting records demonstrating the .ot less than one-fourth (VO mile integrity if: presence of adequate cement to gre- be used. (1) There is no significant leak in vent such migration; 1 In the case of an application for the casing,tubing or packer; and (4) For Class III wells where the Di- ,rea permit under § 122.39 a fixed (2) There is no significant fluid rector elects to rely on cementing h of not less than one-fourth ('/4) movement into an underground source records to demonstrate the absence of for the circumscribing area may of drinking water through vertical significant fluid movement, the moni- •sed. channels adjacent to the injection well toring program prescribed by bore. § 146.33(b) shall be designed to verify letermining the fixed radius, the (b) One of the following methods the absence of significant fluid move- twing factors shall be taken into must be used to evaluate the absence ment. -ideration: Chemistry of injected of significant leaks under paragraph (d) The Director may allow the use formation fluids; hydrogeology; (a)(1)of this section: of a test to demonstrate mechanical -elation and ground-water use and (1) Monitoring of annulus pressure; integrity other than those listed in -ndence; and historical practices in or paragraphs (b) and (c)(2) of this sec- area. (2) Pressure test with liquid or gas; tion with the written approval of the If the area of review is deter- or Administrator.To obtain approval, the :d by a mathematical model pur- (3) Records of monitoring showing Director shall submit a written re- t to paragraph (a) of this section, the absence of significant changes in quest to the Administrator, which 681