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WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS GENERAL ORDER NO. R5-2015-0012 3 IN-SITU GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION AND DISCHARGE OF TREATED GROUNDWATER TO LAND O. The addition of materials to remediate groundwater may require bench-scale and/or small- scale pilot testing prior to design and implementation of full-scale remediation. The addition of amendments to conduct pilot studies is also covered under this Order. REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS 11. The Water Quality Control Plan, Fourth Edition, for the Sacramento and San Joaquin River Basins, Fourth Edition and The Water Quality Control Plan, Second Addition, for the Tulare Lake Basin (hereafter Basin Plans) designate beneficial uses, establishes water quality objectives (WQ0s), contains prohibitions, contains implementation plans and policies for protecting waters of the basin, and incorporates by reference plans and policies adopted by the State Water Resources Control Board (State Water Board). Pursuant to IT 13263(a) of the California Water Code (CWC), waste discharge requirements must implement the Basin Plans. 12. The designated beneficial uses of underlying groundwater include, but are not limited to: Municipal and domestic water supply (MUN); Agricultural water supply (AGR); Industrial service supply (IN 0); and Industrial process supply (PRO). 13. The Basin Plans establish numerical and narrative water quality objectives for surface water and groundwater within the basin, and recognizes that water quality objectives are achieved primarily through the Board's adoption of waste discharge requirements and enforcement orders. Where numerical water quality objectives are listed, these are limits necessary for the reasonable protection of beneficial uses of the water. Where compliance with narrative water quality objectives is required, the Board will, on a case-by- case basis, adopt numerical limits in orders, which will implement the narrative objectives to protect beneficial uses of the waters of the state. Finding No. 18 lists those numerical limits for compliance with the narrative objectives for this Order. 14. The Basin Plans identify numerical water quality objectives for waters designated as municipal supply. These are the maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) specified in the following provisions of Title 22, California Code of Regulations: Tables 64431-A (Inorganic Chemicals) and 64431-B (Fluoride) of Section 64431, Table 64444-A (Organic Chemicals) of Section 64444, and Table 64449-A (Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels- Consumer Acceptance Limits) of Section 64449. The Basin Plans' incorporation of these provisions by reference is prospective, and includes future changes to the incorporated provisions as the changes take effect. The Basin Plans recognize that the Board may apply limits more stringent than MCLs to ensure that waters do not contain chemical constituents in concentrations that adversely affect beneficial uses. 15. The Basin Plans contain narrative water quality objectives for chemical constituents, tastes and odors, and toxicity. The toxicity objective requires that groundwater be maintained free of toxic substances in concentrations that produce detrimental physiological