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plunger, (c) surging with compressed air, (d) backwashing or surging by alternately starting and stopping the pump, Section 16. Special Provisions for Lame Diameter Shallow (e) jetting with water, (f) introduction of chemicals Wells. designed for this purpose, and (g) a combination of the above. A. Use as Community Water Supply Wells. Because shallow ground waters are often of poor quality and because The use of explosives for development should be they are easily contaminated, the use of bored or dug wells, done only by persons trained to handle them. Further, they or wells less than 50 feet (15 metres) dee , to provide should be used with special care where two or more distinct community water supplies shall be avoided unless there is no aquifers separated by a natural barrier have been penetrated. other feasible means for obtaining water). When used for this purpose, these wells shall be located at least 250 feet Where chemicals or explosives have been used, the (76 metres) from any underground sewage disposal facility. well shall be pumped until these agents have been removed. B. Bored Wells. All bored wells shall be cased Section 15. Water Quality Sampling. with concrete pipe or steel casing whose joints are water- tight from 6 inches (150 millimetres) above the ground The requirements to be followed with respect to surface to the depths specified in Section 9, Part A. Except water quality sampling are: where corrugated steel pipe is used as casing, the minimum thickness of the surrounding concrete seal shall be 3 inches A. Community Water Supply Wells and Certain (75 millimetres). Where corrugated steel pipe is employed; Industrial Wells. The water from all community water supply the joints are not watertight and a thicker annular seal wells and industrial wells which provide water for use in (no less than 6 inches or 150 millimetres) shall be installed. food processing shall be sampled immediately following development and disinfection, and appropriate analysis made. C. Dug Wells. All dug wells shall be "curbed" with a watertight curbing extending from above the ground Rules and regulations governing the constituents surface to the depths specified in Section 9, Part A. The to be tested, type of testing, etc., for community water curbing shall be of .concrete poured-in-place or of casing supply systems are contained in Chapter 15, "Domestic Water (either precast concrete pipe or steel) surrounded on the Quality and Monitoring", of Title 22, California Adminis= outside by concrete. trative Code. Water analysis shall be performed by a labora- tory certified by the California Department of Health If the curbing is to be made of concrete, poured- Services. A copy of the laboratory analysis shall be in-place, it shall not be less than 6 inches (150 millimetres) forwarded to the California Department of Health Services or thick. If precast concrete pipe or steel casing is used as to the local health department. Approval of the enforcing part of the curbing, the space between the wall of the hole agency must be obtained before the well is put into use. and the casing shall be filled with concrete to the depths specified in Section 9, Part A. The minimum thickness of the Except where there is free discharge from the pump surrounding concrete shall be 3 inches (75 millimetres). (that is, there is no direct connection to the water delivery system such as to a sump), a sample tap (see Figure 7) shall D. Casing Material. Either steel (including be provided on the discharge line so that water representative corrugated steel pipe) or concrete may be used for casing of the water in the well may be drawn for laboratory analysis. bored or dug wells. Corrugated aluminum pipe is not The tap shall be located so as to prevent back siphonage to recommended for use as casing.]:/ the pump discharge when the pump is shut off (e.g., on the system side of the check valve). B. Other Types of Wells. To determine the quality Aluminum placed in an aggressive soil is subject to of water produced by a new well it should be sampled immedi- electrolytic corrosion. When the soil pH is very high ately following construction and development. Appropriate (over 8.0) or very low (under 6.0) this could present analyses shall be made based upon the intended uses of the problems and, therefore, the soil pH ought to be checked. water. In addition, galvanic corrosion is likely to take place unless the pump is also made of aluminum. Accordingly, the use of most of the aluminum alloys currently available is not recommended. The collection of water quality samples is described in Appendix D.