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deteriorated for the final 10 months (Appendix 1 &2). The single high value of 46.30 <br />mg/l for Unit 2 recorded September 6, 2000 was higher than average influent TN, of <br />35.21 and deserves comment. Upon rechecking the data source, we found no reason to <br />Table 3. Total Nitrogen removal performance of the Waterloo Biofilter® system during <br />testing at the Massachusetts Alternative Septic System Test Center - June 1999- June 2001. <br />Total Nitrogen <br />(m /1) <br />Re licate 1 <br />Replicate 2 <br />Replicate 3 <br />Influent <br />Mean <br />%Removal <br />Average <br />11.9 <br />17.8 <br />13.2 <br />35.0 <br />14.4 <br />58.8% <br />Median <br />12.6 <br />16.7 <br />12.5 <br />34.4 <br />13.9 <br />Standard <br />Deviation <br />3.4 <br />6.3 <br />2.5 <br />3.6 <br />Maximum <br />19.8 <br />46.3 <br />18.7 <br />46.3 <br />Minimum <br />4.8 <br />7.5 <br />9.9 <br />28.4 <br />Count <br />46 <br />46 <br />32 <br />46 <br />Count > 19 mg/1 <br />1 <br />15 1 <br />0 <br />exclude this value. Another higher value, 54.56 mg/l for Unit 2 TN was measured on July <br />2, 2001 (after the 2 year testing cycle was complete) so the value was not an anomaly. <br />Both BOD and TSS data for Unit 2 were consistent with the other units throughout the <br />test period. <br />The NH4 data for all three units for the testing period show a seasonal rise in ammonium <br />in both years, but both Units 1 &2 showed higher NH4 values in the second winter, with <br />Unit 2 showing variably elevated NH4 levels during the final ten months. The higher <br />levels in the second winter indicate increasingly incomplete nitrification in the <br />Biofilter®. Higher NH4 levels can indicate flow short-circuiting within or without the <br />media column, poor distribution of spray on the filter, or poor oxygenation of spray and <br />of liquid on the media surface. Spray nozzles were changed to a new design October 14, <br />2000 in all three units and this may have affected the nitrification in the filter units. <br />Performance Results — WaterlooBiofilter® Page 8 of 28 <br />